For provisioning large-scale online applications such as web search, social networks and advertisement systems, data centers face extreme challenges in providing low latency for short flows (that result from end-user actions) and high throughput for background flows (that are needed to maintain data consistency and structure across massively distributed systems). We propose L 2 DCT, a practical data center transport protocol that targets a reduction in flow completion times for short flows by approximating the Least Attained Service (LAS) scheduling discipline, without requiring any changes in application software or router hardware, and without adversely affecting the long flows. L 2 DCT can co-exist with TCP and works by adapting flow rates to the extent of network congestion inferred via Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) marking, a feature widely supported by the installed router base. Though L 2 DCT is deadline unaware, our results indicate that, for typical data center traffic patterns and deadlines and over a wide range of traffic load, its deadline miss rate is consistently smaller compared to existing deadlinedriven data center transport protocols. L 2 DCT reduces the mean flow completion time by up to 50% over DCTCP and by up to 95% over TCP. In addition, it reduces the completion for 99th percentile flows by 37% over DCTCP. We present the design and analysis of L 2 DCT, evaluate its performance, and discuss an implementation built upon standard Linux protocol stack.
Belajar mengajar merupakan salah satu tujuan dari undang-undang dasar 1945 yang tercantum pada alinea ke-4 yakni “Mencerdaskan Kehidupan bangsa” di mana sebuah pembelajaran ini sangat penting bahkan menjadi suatu landasan dari undang-undang nomor 20 tahun 2003 yang terdapat pada pasal 1 ayat (18) dengan tercantumnya pengertian Wajib Belajar. Akan tetapi hasil daripada observasi di beberapa sekolah swasta maupun negeri ini masih banyak kurangnya interaksi yang baik antara guru dengan siswa karena faktor dari media/model pembelajaran bola basket yang monoton dan sarana prasarana yang sangat minim. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sehingga dengan adanya model pembelajaran berbasis discovery learning ini dapat membantu siswa untuk berperan aktif mencari edukasi ide-ide yang kreatif dan menarik di dalam permaian bola basket serta dapat membuat sumber pembelajaran yang tidak membosankan dikala sarana prasarana yang minim, seperti memadukan antara teknik shooting dengan nama-nama hewan serta membantu siswa untuk meningkatkan keterampilan teknik shooting dalam permainan bola basket.
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