Understanding the social undermining is increasing important in organizational literature both because of its relation with job performance and because of its collective cost to individuals and organizations. This article argued that social undermining can effect on co-creation among faculty members. The study adopted a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of the study consisted university faculty members in Iran, that 235 members were selected as the participants using stratified random sampling consistent with the sample size. Social undermining was examined using Duffy et al. (2002) Questionnaire and co-creation were examined using researcher-made questionnaire based on co-creation DART model. Also the reliability of the questionnaire were computed using Cronbach's alpha (0.94 for social undermining and 0.96 for co-creation questionnaire).Results based on data from a sample of university faculty members showed a negative relationship between social undermining and co-creation and were meaningful at 0.05 level of significance.

This study has examined the characteristics of physics teachers, their professional competences, supplies of equipments and technologies, appropriate textbooks and motivational factors in students' learning of physics from female physics teacher's points of view. The population included all female physics teachers in Isfahan city and a total of 88 teachers were selected as sample of study. The study was a descriptive survey that used researcher made questionnaire consists of 46 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for this scale was set to be .95. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-tests and ANOVA test were used. The results showed that in the present state, physics teachers have a low level of scientific knowledge. In terms of professional skills, their abilities were average and educational equipments and technologies were available at low level. Moreover the satisfaction of female physics teachers of books and educational texts was moderate. Meanwhile, the motivation for learning the lessons of physics was moderate. Also the results in desired state showed that all components of study could be effective in learning physics. Accordingly, it is recommended to enhance learning and teaching physics education, school should be equipped to supplies and technologies for teaching physics, including virtual laboratory.

This study aims to develop cultural needs of the Islamic Azad University staff with descriptive-survey was conducted. The population of the entire staff of Islamic Azad University study of 550 formed in the year 90-91. Proportional to size sampling method, the sample was selected. Cochran's sample size formula for sample size of 226 patients was obtained. Means of a questionnaire survey in two parts, the first part of the second part of demographic characteristics and cultural needs of employees was formed. Validity and reliability based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of experienced professors and 84/0 estimate was confirmed. Both descriptive and inferential data analysis of variance test was performed. The results showed that the average in each of the dimensions necessary to religious ideas, the entertainment-leisure, social, media, sports and culture-art was above average. Results also showed no significant differences in demographic variables at the cultural needs of students.