The development of trade and communication technologies impact on economic processes and accelerate the interaction processes. The article considers modern transport and logistics projects on the Eurasian continent, both rail and sea, reveals the development trends of air transport. The main attention is paid to the impact of such projects on the economic growth of the countries of the region and international processes. The article reflects the key stages of the implementation of the Chinese project “One Belt One Road” in Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. The final conclusion of the article is an idea that the intensive development of transport communications is important for raising national economies, transport arteries should be constructed not only within the country, but also on the Eurasian continent. The article has a practical importance for government departments, organizations and experts related to the study of geo-economic processes and up making decisions in the field of public administration.