To evaluate the Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) in infected deciduous teeth by quantifying the viable bacteria in root canal treatment. Material and Methods: Radicular canal cultures were collected (n= 10). Four intra-canal samples were collected at four different times in each of the sampled teeth, as follows: Time 1 (T1), baseline: After opening the pulp-chamber; Time 2 (T2): After application of aPDT; Time 3 (T3): After mechanical, chemical manipulation; Time 4 (T4): After a second application of aPDT. The aPDT was performed with a 4J/cm energy low-intensity diode, together with 0.005% methylene blue as a photosensitizer. The clinical specimens were taken to the laboratory for a bacteria count (colony forming units) and the results were statistically analyzed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Statistical differences were seen between the numbers of bacteria at times T1-T2, T1-T3 and T1-T4 on the cultivated plates. However, no significant statistical differences were observed between the number of bacteria in samples T2-T3, T2-T4 and T3-T4. Conclusion: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can be a good co-adjuvant in root canal decontamination of necrotic primary teeth.

Fused teeth are a developmental anomaly involving the union of two dental germs at the crown, root or pulp. This type of anomaly occurs during intraosseous development, resulting in a morphologically irregular tooth that can affect both the primary and permanent dentition. Clinical problems involving esthetics, a lack of space and greater susceptibility to caries are often associated with fused teeth. This type of anomaly is easily confused with dental twinning, which has similar clinical features but emerges from a single dental germ. The aim of the present study was to report a clinical case of the fusion of two deciduous mandibular incisors, describe prospects for treating this anomaly and discuss its repercussions during the development of the dentition. Extraction of the fused tooth was performed and orthodontic treatment was recommended for esthetic and functional improvements. Integrated planning involving both Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics provided a better treatment option.

To discover the perceptions of pediatric patients, their parents and undergraduate Dentistry students of the use of the diode laser in frenectomy surgeries. Material and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews, recorded and transcribed with subsequent content analysis. Twelve healthy children (5-8 years old) who needed a frenectomy were selected and invited, together with their parents, to undergo laser diode surgery. In addition, 28 undergraduate dentistry students were invited to attend the procedures. One week after performing the surgical procedures, the children (Group 1), their parents (Group 2) and the students who attended the procedures (Group 3) were individually interviewed for the thematic analysis. Results: The analysis of the conversations identified three emerging contents: positive thoughts on the use of diode laser; frustrations from the use of diode laser; and aspects related to professional training. Conclusion: The results pointed to the acceptance of surgical laser use in pediatric dentistry; however, the feelings of frustration indicate that its use requires guidance from the child and his/her parents, in addition to careful handling and specific training.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue resistance of novel NiTi files (subjected to heat treatment) using the in vitro model (artificial canal). Twelve ProDesign Logic instruments - PDL 25/.06 (Easy Equipamentos Odontológicos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil) and 12 Protaper Next X2 instruments - PTN (tip 25) were included in this research. The Static cyclic fatigue test was performed with a grooved stainless steel block simulating a canal of 1,5 mm diameters, a 60o angle of curvature and 5 mm radius. The files were positioned inside the artificial canal and rotated until the fracture occurred. Using the time until fracture (seconds) and the number of rotations per minute (RPM), the number of cycles until fracture (NCF) was calculated and the length of ruptured fragments was registered. Three samples from each group were analyzed in Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) to characterize the metal rupture. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney non-parametric test and the level of significance considered was p<0.05. PDL obtained a mean value of 956,0 NCF (352,0 - SD) and PTN achieved 391,0 NCF (36.7 - SD) with statistical significance between the groups (p < 0.001). There was no statistical difference on fragment length (p > 0.05). SEM analysis showed features compatible with ductile fracture. ProDesign LOGIC files showed higher NCF than Protaper Next X2. There was no difference between groups considering the length of the ruptured fragment.

Objetivo: Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a associação entre doença periodontal e obesidade. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases PubMed, SciELO e Bireme, sendo incluídos estudos relevantes relacionados ao tema para síntese deste trabalho. Resultados: Foram selecionados onze artigos para serem incluídos nessa revisão, sendo um ensaio clínico, uma meta-análise, dois estudos de coorte, dois caso-controle, cinco estudos transversais e duas revisões sistemáticas. Conclusão: Existe uma plausibilidade biológica entre a obesidade e a doença periodontal, porém não há um consenso na literatura sobre essa associação. Desta forma, são necessários mais estudos prospectivos, laboratoriais, de coorte e meta-análises que avaliem tal associação entre as doenças. Descritores: Doenças periodontais. Obesidade. Doença crônica. Periodontite.