Introduction: Obesity is a well-known risk factor for many health problems. Recently, the increasing number of obese pregnant patients deserves our special attention, because maternal obesity is associated with numerous complications during the antepartum, intrapartum, and immediate postpartum stages of pregnancy. Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to collect and summarize the latest views on maternal obesity in pregnancy and highlights the complications associated with it. Material and methods: Literature review was performed in English different databases, using keywords: morbid obesity, super-obesity, maternal obesity, pregnancy, complications. Results and conclusions: In our systematic review we would like to present the most important threats of obesity among pregnant women such as: cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrinology and gestational weight gain problems; pregnancy loss; fetal anomalies; anesthetic and delivery problems; breastfeeding disorders; problems with contraception and long-distant effects in a child's adult life. Therapeutic success of such a pregnancy should consist of the cooperation of many specialists. This phenomenon of maternal obesity will certainly spread in the future and for this reason - awareness of this problem is very important for both patients and physicians taking care of them.

Introduction: Hypertension is most important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CD) and stroke, two of the leading causes of death in adults worldwide. Even though over last decade there has been improvement in increasing the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension remain one of main public health challenges. In order to make progress in dealing with this problem it important to understand in which areas of the treatment strategy appropriate changes have not yet been implemented. First step to do this is to improve our understanding of the factors that affect the treatment and control of hypertension. International Guidelines for hypertension recommend the same hypertension management for both sexes, however studies reveal that there are actual differences in hypertension management. Purpose of the study: The aim of this study was to conduct a paper review to provide most comprehensive contemporary estimates of sex differences in the awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension. Material and method: A literature review was conducted in English language databases, based only on original articles, regarding awareness, control and treatment of hypertension, using key words: ‘hypertension’, ‘sex- differences’, ‘hypertension treatment’, ‘gender gap’, ‘public health’. Results and conclusions: Based on researched studies we can state that woman have higher awareness, treatment and control rates for hypertension than men worldwide [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. This suggests that, the guidelines for the treatment and management of hypertension should be gender specific.

Introduction and purpose According to the WHO, overweight and obesity are defined as excessive or abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue, leading to deterioration of health. Excessive body weight is a constantly growing public health problem that has reached the scale of a pandemic. Currently, there is ample evidence that excess body weight increases the risk of developing cancer and worsens the prognosis. The aim of this review is to analyze the impact of overweight and obesity on cancer development and prognosis, and to elucidate pathogenesis. State of knowledge  Based on the current state of knowledge in epidemiology, it is estimated that approximately 20% of all malignancies are related to excessive body weight. So far, there is sufficient evidence to support an association between excess body fat and 13 out of 24 cancer sites: esophagus, gastric cardia, colon, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, postmenopausal breast, endometrium, ovary, kidney, meningioma, thyroid and multiple myeloma. Adipose tissue cells produce growth factors, hormones and cytokines that can interfere with the regulation of cell growth and survival. Excess adipose tissue leads to systemic chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, increase in sex hormones,  increase in leptin levels and a decrease in adiponectin levels. This leads to DNA defects, stimulation of angiogenesis, cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis, and thus promotes the development of cancer. In addition, studies have estimated that excess body weight is responsible for 14% of cancer deaths in men and 20% in women. Conclusions Due to the increasing problem of obesity and cancer worldwide and the proven causal relationship between these diseases, it is necessary to intensify nutrition education and promote a healthy lifestyle in order to minimize excessive body weight, and thus reduce the incidence of cancer.

Introduction: Pancreatic Cancer (PC), while relatively infrequent, remains one of the deadliest cancers as a result of late diagnosis and absence of preventive measures. Over 50 % of patients diagnosed with PC already suffer metastasis. Combined with lack of effective treatment, the need arises for universal biomarkers specific to PC. In the last decades the importance of human microbiota in its upholding of the body homeostasis has been under radar, in special regards to its association to cancer. Several species of oral microbiome have been linked to increased or decreased risk of developing pancreatic cancer, most notably P.gingivalis and Fusobacteria.   Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to collect and summarize existing evidence on connection of oral microbiome and pancreatic cancer, as well as to assess their potential use in diagnostics of PC .   Material and method: Literature review was performed, in English databases, using keywords : cancer, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic cancer prevention, oral microbiome, microbe variation, microbial biomarkers.   Results and conclusions: In our systematic review, evident differences between microbial architecture of PC patients and healthy individuals were observed. The data on association between microbiota and risk of developing cancer is limited, however it still provides evidence for relationship between microbial composition and incidence of pancreatic cancer.

Introduction:  Patients’ confidence in a physician is influenced by many factors. Recent studies suggest that there’s an association between doctor’s attire and the way patients view physician’s trustworthyness, competence and empathy in various specialties and contexts of care. Along with the developement of medical attire market comes a need to understand how the choice of professional clothes infulences patients’ perceptions. Purpose of the study: The aim of this study was to determine whether patients perception of physician and the confidence in professional skills is determined by the type and colour of doctor’s attire. Materials and methods: We carried out literature search using English based databases (PubMed, Springer, Google Scholar) using key words: physician attire, profesionalism, scrubs, patients perception, psychology of colour. Most recent studies matching this criteria were analysed and those most relevant were picked for this review. Results and conclusions: The assotiation between physician’s attire and patients’ perceptions is complex and depends on numerous factors including age, gender, geographic location and culture, as well as physician’s specialty and context of care. The white coat, despite latest research on it’s role in infections spread, remains an important attribute of a doctor.  Physicians who wear white coats are viewed as more trustworthy, knowledgeable, competent and more caring. Colour of scrubs may serve as a valuable hospital personel identification tool. Various colours evoke possitive emotions in patients, navy blue, light blue and green remain the the colours of scrubs that patients perceive as the most professional and appropriate.