PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how a state-owned Colombian multi-utility conglomerate (CMC) has used management accounting practices (MAPs) to shape efficiency. The authors bring out the interplay between structures and agency in the process of shaping efficiency, which has enabled the company to operate as a private enterprise, taking advantage of NPM-led reforms and management accounting technologies.Design/methodology/approachThis is an interpretative case study of a CMC. Data for the study are derived from interviews, non-participative observations and document analysis. Giddens' structuration theory (ST) provides the theoretical approach for the study.FindingsResults show that MAPs have shaped efficiency in a CMC, promoting the profitability criteria prevailing in private enterprises. Theoretically, the paper shows how structure and agency are embedded in shaping efficiency in an emerging economy context through MAPs. It does this by analysing both the broader influence of the School of Mines and multilateral development banks and the micro-situated practices of employees at the CMC. The employees who have worked in the company for long periods of time have transformed the profitability criteria into a corporate value that influences their day-to-day practices.Originality/valueThe paper adds to the literature that draws on the ST by illustrating a paradigmatic case, in which agents have brought in knowledge and values to a state-owned company, and changed its ethos and practices whilst remaining under state control.
Stock market forecasting is an important and challenging process that influences investment decisions. This paper presents an experimental design that aims to measure the influence of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic and optimism bias in these forecasts. The study was conducted using information from the S&P MILA Pacific Alliance Select financial index; this was presented to 670 students from the cities of Concepción (Chile), Cali (Colombia), and Lima (Peru). Data was collected and presented through an instrument that asked participants to make a forecast judgment of the said financial index, based on the presented graphics, representing a year, a month, a week, and the last closing value of the index. Thus, it was possible to measure the influence of the anchor and adjustment heuristic in order to establish whether the presence of an initial value affected the financial forecast. Similarly, the study sought to determine whether the judgment issued was biased toward an optimistic or pessimistic position, thereby proving the presence of an error or expectation bias, known as optimism bias. The results were analyzed using the least squares method, and the data panel confirmed that the anchoring and adjustment heuristic influences the forecast of the financial index used in the study. Similarly, the presence of optimism bias in the cognitive process of forecasting in finance was inferred.
Las finanzas comportamentales retan los supuestos de racionalidad en la toma de decisiones financieras, pues asumen que la forma en la cual se presenta la información determina la decisión. El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la influencia de aspectos como el nivel de avance educativo y el género en la toma de decisiones financieras. Para esto, se replica el experimento seminal de Kahneman y Tversky (1979) en 600 estudiantes de una universidad colombiana. La información recolectada se analiza incluyendo: a) el contraste de independencia c2, b) el test no-paramétrico Kruskal-Wallis y c) el test no-paramétrico Mann-Whitney. Los resultados muestran la aplicación de la Prospect Theory en la toma de decisiones financieras, revelando una independencia de las decisiones en función de las variables de agrupación utilizadas. También se encontró que las mujeres tienen una mayor aversión al riesgo y que el nivel de avance en la educación no influye en las decisiones financieras.
Señor editor: La enfermedad de Chagas (EC) es una zoonosis endémica de Latinoamérica que afecta a humanos y a una diversidad de animales. El Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), agente causal de la EC, es transmitido por vectores (triatomas o “chinches hociconas”) que están ampliamente distribuidos en México, principalmente en áreas rurales y semiurbanas. La presencia de triatominos infectados en el hogar representa un riesgo de transmisión del T. cruzi a humanos y animales domésticos, como perros y gatos..
Este articulo presenta los resultados de una investigacion empirica sobre la utilizacion de diferentes fuentes de financiacion por parte de empresas nuevas en los primeros anos de vida. El principal soporte conceptual del estudio es el paradigma del ciclo de crecimiento financiero desarrollado por Berger y Udell (1998), el cual explica satisfactoriamente los hallazgos encontrados en el componente empirico del estudio aqui presentado, que se basa en una encuesta realizada a 130 empresarios de la Ciudad de Cali (Colombia). Los entrevistados reportaron de manera mayoritaria el uso de recursos propios y de familiares y amigos y la retencion de utilidades en los primeros anos de vida de una empresa. Le sigue en importancia a estas fuentes, la financiacion provista por establecimientos de credito; llama la atencion la importancia relativa del leasing . Las recomendaciones mas importantes incluyen: fortalecer las fuentes de capital semilla, darle mayor peso en los cursos de finanzas de nivel universitario al estudio de los problemas de las empresas nuevas y MIPYMES, adelantar una reforma financiera que facilite la emision de acciones y mejorar la cantidad y calidad de informacion publica disponible sobre la financiacion de las empresas objeto de este estudio
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