Despite the lack of studies and the methodological limitations of the existing ones Theory of Mind seems to play a role in drug use conditions, which requires further investigation.

The recognition of facial emotions plays an important role in establishing social interactions through nonverbal communication. This is particularly true during childhood because language skills are not yet fully developed. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on facial emotion processing in children. Moreover, studies that have addressed this issue commonly have the major limitation of using only adult facial stimuli, and stimulus sets with children’s faces are rare. The present study sought to fill this gap by developing the Child Emotions Picture Set (CEPS). The CEPS is a database of the facial emotions of 17 children who posed or naturally expressed 6 basic emotions. A panel of expert judges rated each picture. The set is split into 3 age groups (6–7 years old, 8–9 years old, and 10–11 years old) and includes 225 photos of boys and girls who display facial expressions of happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, and surprise at 3 different intensities (low, medium, and high) plus neutrality. This work contributes to the scientific field by constructing a set of child facial stimuli that is intended for use in further research on emotional processing in children. Additionally, the database may allow future studies on the mechanisms that are involved in processing facial emotions across childhood and investigating effects associated with psychiatric disorders.

A Psicoterapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC) tem sido considerada a terapia de escolha para o tratamento do Transtorno de Estresse Agudo (TEA), sendo empregada como forma de prevenção ao Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT). No entanto, não há um consenso sobre as estratégias mais eficazes dentro desta abordagem. O presente artigo teve por objetivo identificar, por meio de uma revisão sistemática de estudos clínicos controlados, as estratégias que apresentam maior eficácia dentro da abordagem cognitivo-comportamental. Foram consultadas as bases de dados Scielo, LILACS, MedLine/PubMed, Web of Science e PsychInfo em Junho de 2012. Foram inicialmente identificados 1103 estudos. Após a adoção dos critérios de exclusão, cinco estudos foram incluídos no processo de revisão. A partir dos estudos encontrados e da análise destes, conclui-se que a terapia de exposição apresenta resultados promissores para tratamento do TEA. A revisão indicou ainda a necessidade de estudos com melhor qualidade metodológica e amostras mais abrangentes.

No abstract

Miguel, Gadelha, Rohde and Salum developed and conducted the Brazilian High-Risk cohort data collection. Drs Vidal-Ribas and Evans-Lacko provided substantial contributions to interpretation of data and critically revised the paper for important intellectual content. All authors helped interpret the analyses and critically reviewed and revised the report for intellectual content and approved the final version.Everyone who meets the criteria is included as an author.