Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), is the most effective choice for patients suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia who do not respond properly to pharmacological treatment. Absorption of hypotonic fluids used during TURP may cause hemodynamic and central nervous system disturbances, which is generally attributed to dilutional hyponatraemia occurring during or immediately after operation. Several combinations of the signs and symptoms resulting from these changes are known as "transurethral resection of prostate syndrome". The clinical picture is inconsistent and the syndrome is easily confused with other acute disorders. Mild forms are common and often go undiagnosed, while severe forms of the TUR syndrome are rare and potentially life-threatening. We present a review of this pathological entity, compiling pathophysiology, diagnostic, prevention and therapeutical approaches.
Anestesiologista. Título Superior em Anestesiologia-TSA/SBA. Corresponsável pelo CET-SBA do Hospital Felício Rocho. Belo Horizonte, MG-Brasil. RESUMO O uso seguro de bloqueadores neuromusculares requer monitorização. Por muito tempo, esta era baseada em critérios clínicos, pouco eficazes na detecção de bloqueio residual. A medida da função neuromuscular em resposta ao estímulo elétrico de um nervo motor é, hoje em dia, o método mais eficaz. Diferentes músculos podem ser usados com essa finalidade, por sensibilidades variáveis à ação dos bloqueadores. A monitorização auxilia o anestesiologista na indução, manutenção e recuperação do procedimento anestésico-cirúrgico. Assim, o conhecimento dos equipamentos e dos diferentes padrões de estímulo é fundamental na prática anestésica, de modo a garantir precisão e segurança no uso dos bloqueadores neuromusculares.
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