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Despite the low participation rate of women in the labor market, the unemployment rate of women has increased significantly and has exceeded the unemployment rate of men in the last three decades. This paper focuses on the factors which affect labor demand considering gender using the data for the period 1986-2017. Based on the Multiple-Equation Generalized Method of Moments estimator, the results demonstrate that non-oil GDP has a positive and significant, and relative wages, capital-labor ratio, and labor costs-capital costs ratio have a negative and significant impact on labor demand by gender. The results of model estimation show that the speed of labor adjustment toward the desired level for female labor is slower compared to male labor. Furthermore, it is denoted that non-oil GDP affects labor demand positively with more impact on the female labor force. Other findings indicate that in the Iran's labor market, male and female labors are substitutes hence, policies like wage subsidies for employing female labor force can stimulate female labor demand in a positive and significant way. On the other hand, as it is found that labor and capital are substitutes, policies that make labor more costly than capital may result in employment reduction. Finally, the technological progress that arises from increases in capital per capita has a negative and significant effect on both the female and male labor force.

Compensation of delayed payment (remittance) is the harm caused by non-payment of debt (cash) in deadline to creditor which is one of the best examples of this issue in the banking. Receiving compensation for delayed payment (remittance), is a common and customary in the world and lack of it, strong enforcement to receive demands wouldn't be there from debtors but in Islamic jurisprudence receiving additive payment on the principle of debt has been considered as an example of usury, thus considering the importance of the debate, a more detailed explanation seem necessary in view of jurists and the question is posed what is the Shiite jurists' arguments on this?Of achievements of this study which has been done descriptive-analytic is the examination of arguments of adherents of permissibility or impermissibility of receiving compensation for delayed payment to compel the debtor to pay of his/her debt.