Seismic data acquisition in oil and gas exploration employs a large-scale network of geophone sensors deployed in thousands across a survey field. A central control unit acquires and processes measured data from geophones to come up with an image of the earth’s subterranean structure to locate oil and gas traps. Conventional seismic acquisition systems rely on cables to connect each sensor. Although cable-based systems are reliable, the sheer amount of cable required is tremendous, causing complications in survey logistics as well as survey downtime. The need for a cable-free seismic data acquisition system has attracted much attention from contractors, exploration companies, and researchers to lay out the enabling wireless technology and architecture in seismic explorations. This paper gives a general overview of land seismic data acquisition and also presents a current and retrospective review of the state-of-the-art wireless seismic data acquisition systems. Furthermore, a simulation-based performance evaluation of real-time, small-scale wireless geophone subnetwork is carried out using the IEEE 802.11 g technology based on the concept of seismic data acquisition during the geophone listen or recording period. In addition, we investigate an optimal number of seismic samples that could be sent by each geophone during this period.

Visible Light Communication (VLC) is challenged by two main drawbacks: ambient light interference and the transmission range. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose an On Off Keying (OOK) based tuned VLC Analog Front-End (AFE) using simple and low-cost electronic circuity. The proposed VLC receiver architecture consists of a Transimpedance amplifier and a fourth order Multiple Feed Back (MFB) band pass filter. The filter is designed with high gain and high-quality factor (Q) for a specified center (resonant) frequency. The system performance was measured in terms of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) at two different resonant frequencies. Experimental results show that the proposed VLC front-end is able to extend the transmission range from 60cm to 2.2 m without any form of lensing at either transmitter or receiver. The receiver also showed robustness against ambient light interference. A data rate of 20kbps over a distance of 1.8 m with a bit error rate (BER) <10 −9 was successfully achieved.

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