The role of MSCs in infection prevention and treatment is still discussed in transplant and hematological patients. The spectrum and risk factors for infections after MSCs transplantation in patients with acute GVHD have not been studied before. To determine the risk factors and spectrum of infectious complications in patients received mesenchymal stem cell transplantation as a treatment for acute GVHD. A prospective observational study was performed to evaluate the risk factors and characteristics of infectious complications after MSCs transplantation in adult patients having acute GVHD. Thirty-four episodes of MSCs transplantation in patients with acute GVHD after allogeneic HSCT were enrolled in the study. MSCs were given at a median dose of 1.32 (interquartile range 0.87-2.16) mln cells/kg per infusion at 91 days (interquartile range 31-131 days) after HSCT. Data relating to age, gender, date, and type of transplantation, characteristics of MSCs, infectious agents, and antimicrobial therapy and prevention regimens were prospectively collected in all of the enrolled patients. The episode of proven infectious complication was set as a primary outcome. There were totally 68 patients with acute GVHD in the study; among them there were 34 cases of MSCs transplantation performed. Among the registered infectious episodes were viral infections (CMV-associated disease, EBV-associated disease), invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, bacterial bloodstream infections, and pneumonia. MSCs transplantation has shown no statistically significant association with risk of infectious complications in patients with acute GVHD in a performed multivariate analysis. Among the most frequent infections in acute GVHD, we have described CMV, invasive aspergillosis, and bacterial infections (bloodstream infections or pneumonia). Among risk factors for infectious complications in patients with acute GVHD with/without MSCs transplantation are progression of main disease and neutropenia below 500 cells/mm (for aspergillosis) and unrelated HSCT in the past history and progression of main disease (for bacterial bloodstream infections and pneumonia).
РНПЦ трансплантации органов и тканей УЗ «9-я городская клиническая больница», Минск, Республика Беларусь В предыдущих исследованиях было показано, что такролимус может подавлять воспаление и иммунный ответ во время ишемически-реперфузионного повреждения трансплантата печени (Kristo I., Transpl Int., 2011). Цель исследования. Оценить влияние back-table портальной и артериальной перфузии раствором HTK и альбумина, содержащим такролимус, на частоту и выраженность ранней дисфункции трансплан-тата печени. Материалы и методы. Для достижения поставленной цели было организовано интервен-ционное проспективное рандомизированное исследование (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifi er: NCT01887171) в двух параллельных группах по 43 пациента. Критерии включения: первичная ортотопическая трансплан-тация печени от донора со смертью мозга с последовательной портально-артериальной реперфузией. В основной группе на операции back-table выполняли перфузию воротной вены под давлением 40-60 см водяного столба раствором HTK в объеме 500 мл c содержанием такролимуса 20 нг/мл, а затем перфузию печеночной артерии 500 мл такого же раствора под давлением 40-50 мм рт. ст., перед имплантацией граф-та в воротную вену вводили 200 мл 5% раствора альбумина c содержанием такролимуса 20 нг/мл. В конт-рольной группе такролимус не был добавлен. Результаты. Группы были сопоставимы (основная против контрольной соответственно) по баллу MELD, стеатозу, баллонной дистрофии трансплантатов печени, возрасту реципиента, времени тепловой ишемии и общему времени ишемии. Средний возраст донора был выше в основной группе (44,5 против 39 лет). Общая частота ранней дисфункции аллографта (РДА) была 27,9%. Частота РДА была значительно ниже в основной группе (6/43 против 18/43, р = 0,003), также частота тяжелой РДА была значимо ниже в основной группе (1/43 против 10/43; р = 0,009). Средний уро-вень АСТ и АЛТ через 24 ч после реперфузии были значительно ниже в основной группе (1004 против 1596; р = 0,03 и 449 против 759, р = 0,057). Заключение. Применение инфузии раствора HTK и альбу-мина с такролимусом в воротную вену и печеночную артерию во время подготовки донорской печени к имплантации позволяет уменьшить частоту и выраженность ранней дифункции трансплантата печени. Ключевые слова: дисфункция трансплантата печени, портально-артериальная перфузия.
Aim.To evaluate the associations of genotypes of clinically relevant nucleotides rs11536865, rs913930 and rs5030717 of the TLR-4 gene with the risk of development and severity of early allograft dysfunction after liver transplantation.Materials and methods.A case-control study enrolling 71 patients was organized. Inclusion criteria: DBD liver transplantation. Exclusion criteria: living related liver transplantation, reduced graft transplantation, recipient’s age fewer than 18.Results.Within rs5030717 there were identifi ed three genotypes: AA (81.6%) and two genotypes with the minor G-allele: AG (12.6%) and GG (5.6%). Within rs913930 there identi- fi ed three genotypes: TT (59.1%) and two genotypes with the minor C-allele: C/T (29.5%) and CC (11.2%). The rs11536865 studying revealed no polymorphism (GG genotype). The early allograft liver dysfunction (EAD) developed in 19.7% of patients, the severe EAD in 11.2% of patients, septic complications in 14%, acute cellular rejection in 23.9% of cases. The C/T genotype of the TLR-4 gene in the SNP rs913930 sequence was closely associated with the EAD development (OR 4.8 to 1; p = 0.047; 95% CI 1–23.4). Рatients with the donor’s liver C/T genotype had a reliably higher proportion (%) of the HMGB1 positive hepatocytes in the donor’s bioptate, 21 (17–29%) vs the СС+TT genotypes, 16 (10–19%) (Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.01). The CD68 expression in the liver bioptate at the donor’s stage was reliably higher in the carriers of heterozygotes in the SNP rs913930 (C/T genotype) and in the SNP rs5030717 (AG genotype), (Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.03). Signifi cant positive correlation between the CD68 expression in the donor’s liver bioptates and the IL-23 level in the hepatic vein has been determined in an hour after the portal reperfusion (ρ = 0.62; p = 0.04) as well as between the HMGB1 expression in the donor’s liver bioptates and the АSТ level in 24 hours after the reperfusion (r = 0.4; p = 0.02). The HMGB1 staining in the donor’s liver bioptates was higher in the EAD patients, 21 (20; 29) cells/mm2 in comparison with the patients without EAD, 16 (12; 18) (Mann–Whitney test, p = 0.0036).Conclusion.The early allograft liver dysfunction is associated with the genetic predisposition caused by the TLR-4 gene polymorphism and is implemented via the HMGB1, Kupffer cells and IL-23 activation.
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