From 2007 to 2014, specimens of Amauroderma were collected mostly in North and Northeast Brazil. Additionally, material deposited in herbaria was reviewed. The analysed specimens represented 20 species, six of them new to science: Amauroderma albostipitatum, A. floriformum, A. laccatostipitatum, A. ovisporum, A. sessile and A. subsessile. Twelve species, three of them new, had their ITS and/or LSU region of the DNA sequenced. According to the results, Amauroderma is not monophyletic; A. partitum and A. schomburgkii are macro-morphologically variable species; the synonym of A. calcigenum with A. partitum is not supported, and the use of macro- and micro-morphological characters is a useful tool to delimit species of the genus.

Two new polypores, Rigidoporus grandisporus and R. mariae are described from the Brazilian Amazonia based on specimens deposited in herbarium INPA between 27 and 39 years ago, and material recently collected in the State of Pará. Besides the description of the new species, R. crocatus and R. undatus are reported as new records from the Brazilian Amazonia. Rigidoporus amazonicus, R. lineatus, R. ulmarius and R. vinctus are new records to different states of the Brazilian Amazonia. A key to the Rigidoporus species known for the Neotropics is provided.

A literature-based checklist of the aphyllophoraceous fungi reported from the Brazilian Amazonia was compiled. Two hundred and sixteen species, 90 genera, 22 families, and 9 orders (Agaricales, Auriculariales, Cantharellales, Corticiales, Gloeophyllales, Hymenochaetales, Polyporales, Russulales and Trechisporales) have been reported from the area.

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