Background: Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a type of neonatal jaundice, which occurs in infants with high bilirubin levels (>10 mg/dl) persisting beyond 14-21 days. Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem among newborns, and the prevalence rate has been estimated at 2-15%. According to the literature, breastfeeding is a major cause of prolonged jaundice, and about 40% of infants who are exclusively breastfed are diagnosed with this disorder. Among other pathological causes associated with prolonged hyperbilirubinemia are urinary tract infection (UTI), congenital hypothyroidism and hemolysis. So, this study was done to know the different causes of unconjugated jaundice in newborn.Methods: This Hospital based prospective descriptive study was carried out at outpatients and inpatients in the Department of pediatrics, SMS medical college Jaipur. Total 100 cases were taken and these neonates were evaluated to know different causes of unconjugated hyperbilirubenemia.Results: Most common cause of persistent jaundice in both term and preterm babies is breast milk jaundice (66%), other causes include isoimmunization (10%), cephalhematoma (7%), hypothyroidism (7%), sepsis (4%) and ABO incompatibility (3%). Etiology of persistent jaundice was not significantly different in term and preterm babies.Conclusions: Although breast milk jaundice is considered as a major cause of prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in neonates, identification of other etiological factors, such as UTI, congenital hypothyroidism and hemolysis is also of paramount importance. Early diagnosis and treatment of these disorder could effectively prevent further complication in neonates.

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Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is one of the common medical disorders in pregnancy in the developing world, which affect both the mother and the newborn and subsequent child and later adult. Aims & Objective: This study is undertaken to evaluate the safety and efficacy of parenteral iron sucrose complex therapy in iron deficiency anaemia in antenatal and postnatal women. Material and Methods: 110 consecutive pregnant women between 16-36 weeks of gestation and postnatal women, diagnosed as cases of Iron deficiency anaemia with Hb level 5-8 gm%, who were seen from May 2009 to April 2011 in our Hospital, were included in the study. All the patients received Iron Sucrose Complex in infusion form with the aim to correct the iron deficiency as well as to replenish the iron stores. The aim was to bring her Hb level to 10gm%. Result were analyzed in terms of the safety& efficacy, Results: Intravenous iron sucrose is effective in achieving target Hb of 10g/dl in 80% of patients. It shows that of IV iron sucrose significantly (P<0.001) increase Hb levels within 4 weeks. There were no major adverse reactions. All women stated that they found the treatment acceptable to them. Iron Sucrose Injection is relatively safe and well tolerated. Conclusion: Iron sucrose (intravenous) therapy is safe, more effective and well tolerated in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia during pregnancy. Overall, iron sucrose appears to be a treatment of choice with no serious side effect indicated in the rapid correction of anaemia in pregnancy or restoring maternal iron stores, especially because the total dose can be administered over a shorter period of time. If used in time, this treatment will certainly help to reduce the risk of maternal and foetal complications as well as it also reduce the risk of blood transfusion during peripartum period.

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