Introduction: Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is a unique type of severe malnutrition and is different from severe underweight and severe stunting. This study evaluated the clinical manifestations among the children admitted to the SCB medical college and SVP PGIP and elucidated further the factors associated with severe malnutrition among the undernourished children and finally the outcome in terms of cured or mortality. Materials and Methods: This hospitalbased cross-sectional time-bound study with follow-up component was conducted by using technique of sampling without replacement. Children aged 1-60 months admitted to SCB MCH and SVPPGIP during September 2013 to September 2015, having features of SAM were considered for the study population. After detailed history and physical examination, relevant investigations were done and critical analysis made. Results: Total 130 patients with SAM constituted the study population. The overall prevalence of SAM was 2.5%. Majority were non edematous SAM (Marasmus) (77%) and rest were oedematous (Kwashiorkor).There was no variation in sex as both male and female patients were with equal percentage (50%). About 12.3% of children with SAM were less than 2 months, 47.7% between 2 to 12 months, and 40% were above 12 months. Conclusion: Malnutrition is predicted by age less than two years, living with single parent, taking unbalanced diet, lack or incomplete immunization and low level of maternal education. Comorbidities associated with malnutrition were pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, urinary tract infection. Mortality is predicted by age less than one year, peasant parents, having severe malnutrition, dehydration, hypothermia, and hypoglycemia.

Introduction: The oxygen concentration used in neonatal resuscitation has been a matter of debate with higher oxygen concentrations posing many adverse outcomes. Recent guidelines recommend use of blender to titrate FiO2 delivered during resuscitation. However, blender being unaffordable and unavailable at many peripheral institutions, we tried to use a low-flow flowmeter to titrate the oxygen and measure FiO2 delivered at different flow rates. Methods: From a central oxygen supply, oxygen flow was titrated using a low-flow flowmeter which was connected to a self-inflating bag and oximeter. Three variables were taken—volume of self-inflating bag, flow rate, and number of compressions per minute. FiO2 delivered with each variable, keeping the other two constant, was recorded. Results: The data obtained was analyzed by fitting the study variables into a stepwise multiple linear regression model and a linear equation was obtained. The model R square obtained suggested strong linear relationship between flow rate and FiO2 delivered. The model showed statistically significant association between flow rate and FiO2 delivery, whereas association with other variables was statistically insignificant. Discussion: Our study suggests that 76.57% of change in FiO2 is determined by change in flow rate. The major advantage of this study would be at resource poor settings where a low-flow flowmeter which is more cost effective can be used to titrate the FiO2 delivered during neonatal resuscitation.

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