Background: Tracheal lesions are pathologies derived from the most diverse insults that can result in a fatal outcome. Despite the number of techniques designed for the treatment, a limiting factor is the extent of the extraction. Therefore, strategies with biomaterials can restructure tissues and maintain the organ’s functionality, like decellularized Wharton’s jelly (WJ) as a scaffold. The aim is to analyze the capacity of tracheal tissue regeneration after the implantation of decellularized WJ in rabbits submitted to a tracheal defect. Methods: An in vivo experimental study was undertaken using twenty rabbits separated into two groups (n = 10). Group 1 submitted to a tracheal defect, group 2 tracheal defect, and implantation of decellularized WJ. The analyses were performed 30 days after surgery through immunohistochemistry. Results: Inner tracheal area diameter (p = 0.643) didn’t show significance. Collagen type I, III, and Aggrecan highlighted no significant difference between the groups (both collagens with p = 0.445 and the Aggrecan p = 0.4). Conclusion: The scaffold appears to fit as a heterologous implant and did not trigger reactions such as rejection or extrusion of the material into the recipient. However, these results suggested that although the WJ matrix presents several characteristics as a biomaterial for tissue regeneration, it did not display histopathological benefits in trachea tissue regeneration.

A 46-year-old female presented with dyspnea, dysphagia, and throat irritation with a diagnosis of tracheal metastasis resulting from a previously resected lung adenocarcinoma. Upper airway metastasis has a poor prognosis and is rarely observed. The clinical presentation manifests with cough and hemoptysis in most cases. Treatment includes surgical metastatic removal associated with combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

Objetivo: Apresentar as características e os fatores prognósticos da anosmia e hiposmia em pacientes infectados com COVID-19 em uma cidade no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal através de contato telefônico, foi realizada uma pesquisa com questionário pré-estabelecido em uma população de 80 pacientes. Resultados: Entre os 80 participantes da pesquisa, 66,3% eram do sexo feminino. 90% relataram anosmia e 10% relataram hiposmia. 5% dos entrevistados evoluíram o quadro com internação hospitalar. 5% dos pacientes realizaram tratamento, sendo ele a terapia olfatória. Destes pacientes, 75% consideraram a terapia olfatória como um tratamento efetivo. Conclusões: O maior número de disfunção olfatória foi encontrado na menor faixa etária e em mulheres, variáveis associadas a um melhor prognóstico. A perda olfatória está relacionada com um curso mais brando da doença e consequentemente a um menor número de hospitalizações. Evidências apontam a terapia olfatória como um tratamento promissor.

Financial support: None. Conflicts of interest: No conflicts of interest declared concerning the publication of this article.

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