In-service prestressed concrete box girder bridges have received increasing attention in recent years due to a large number of bridges reaching decades in service. Therefore, the ageing of infrastructure demands the development of robust condition assessment methodologies based on affordable technology such as vehicle-induced vibration tests (VITs) in contrast with more expensive existing technologies such as tests using hammers or shakers. Ambient vibration tests (AVTs) have been widely used worldwide, taking advantage of freely available ambient excitation sources. However, the literature has commonly reported insufficient input energy to excite the structure to obtain satisfactory modal identification results, especially in long-span concrete bridges. On the other hand, the use of forced vibration tests (FVTs) requires more economic resources. This paper presents the results of field measurements at optimally selected locations in VITs consisting of a 32-ton truck and a springboard with a height of 50 mm. AVTs using optimal sensor placement (OSP) provide similar results to VITs without considering OSP locations. Additionally, the VIT/AVT cost ratio is reduced to 2 since a shorter data collection time is achieved within a one-day (8 h) test framework, which minimizes temperature effects, thus leading to improvements in AVT identification results, especially in vertical modes.
ResumenIntroducción− En los últimos años, en Colombia hay un crecimiento en la construcción de puentes de grandes luces, en especial tipo viga cajón. Por la importancia de estas estructuras en la infraestructura del país, surge la necesidad de monitorear su integridad estructural, analizar su comportamiento a través de su ciclo de vida, detectar cambios causados por posibles daños y establecer planes de mantenimiento. Este monitoreo se puede realizar a través de la caracterización de las propiedades dinámicas de la estructura. Objetivo− Este estudio presenta los resultados de la línea base para el monitoreo de la salud estructural del puente Gómez Ortiz. El artículo presenta y discute los resultados de la caracterización dinámica de la estructura y se describe el proceso de ajuste de un modelo numérico con base en los resultados experimentales. Metodología− La caracterización dinámica se realizó utilizando la técnica experimental con medición de vibraciones ambientales. Para el procesamiento de datos se utilizaron cuatro técnicas diferentes, tales como selección de picos (PP), descomposición en el dominio de la frecuencia (FDD), descomposición en el dominio de la frecuencia mejorada (EFDD) e identificación del sub-espacio estocástico (SSI). Resultados− En el estudio se obtuvo información experimental de las propiedades dinámicas del puente, tales como frecuencias fundamentales, modos de vibración y fracciones de amortiguamiento. Conclusiones− Los resultados demostraron que las cuatro técnicas arrojan resultados similares, excepto para las fracciones de amortiguamiento, confirmando la incertidumbre de las técnicas experimentales para definir este parámetro. Abstract Introduction− The construction of long-span bridges, especially box girder type, has been increasing in recent years in Colombia. Due to the importance that these structures represent for the infrastructure of the country, there is a need to monitor their structural integrity to analyze their behavior throughout their life cycle, detect changes caused by possible damages and establish maintenance plans. This monitoring can be carried out through the characterization of the dynamic properties of the structure. Objective− This study shows the results of the structural health monitoring baseline carried out in the Gómez Ortiz bridge. The dynamic characterization of the structure is performed and discussed, as well as the process of adjusting a numerical model based on the experimental results. Methodology− The dynamic characterization of the structure was carried out using the experimental technique based on ambient vibration tests. Four different techniques were used to post-processing the data obtained in these tests such as Peak Picking (PP), Frequency Domain Decomposition (FDD), Enhanced Frequency Domain Decomposition (EFDD), and the Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI). Results− Experimental information of the dynamic properties of the bridge was obtained in the study, such as fundamental frequencies, modal shapes, and damping ratios. Conclusion...
Resumen--Para monitorear la salud estructural de un puente durante su vida útil es necesario disponer de modelos numéricos que permitan, con base en los cambios de la respuesta estructural del mismo, detectar la posible existencia de daño. Por esta razón y para profundizar en el conocimiento del comportamiento estructural de los puentes en vías terciarías del departamento de Santander, el grupo de investigación en materiales y estructuras -INME -de la UIS, aprovechó una serie de puentes en concreto postensados que iban a ser inundados por la creación del embalse de Hidrosogamoso, convirtiéndose en un laboratorio a escala real. Dentro de estos se encuentra el puente El Ramo, el cual es un puente de 31 metros de longitud de tipo viga y losa, compuesto por un par de vigas de concreto postensado simplemente apoyadas. Sobre este puente se realizaron ensayos de tipo estático para caracterizar su deformación y pruebas de vibración ambiental para identificar sus propiedades dinámicas. Estos datos se utilizaron como herramienta de calibración del respectivo modelo numérico, el cual sirvió para evaluar la capacidad resistente del mismo, siguiendo los criterios planteados por la norma colombiana de puentes vigente (CCP-2014).Palabras claves--concreto postensado, ensayos de vibración ambiental, propiedades dinámicas, capacidad resistente Abstract--To monitor the structural health of a bridge over its lifetime is necessary to have numerical models to, based on changes in the structural response of it, detect possible damage. For this reason and to deepen the understanding of the structural behavior of bridges on local roads of the Department of Santander, the research group in materials and structures -INME -UIS, takes a series of post-tensioned concrete bridges that were to be flooded by the impounding of the reservoir of Hidrosogamoso, becoming a full-scale laboratory. Among these is El Ramo bridge, which is a bridge beam and slab type, comprising a pair of post-tensioned concrete beams simply supported 31 meters. This bridge was made, firstly statical tests to characterize its deformation and others ambient vibration tests to identify its dynamic properties. These data were used as a calibration tool the respective numerical model, which served to evaluate the resistant capacity of the same, according to the criteria set by the Colombian norm existing bridges (CCP-2014).
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