[1] We investigate the occurrence of multiple jet zonal flows in the 2D rotating annulus model, extended to include the possibility of boundary friction. We consider Rayleigh numbers up to 10 times critical. Without boundary friction the majority of our solutions are single-jet zonal flows, but when boundary friction is present, persistent multiple jet solutions are found much more easily. Compared to the stress-free case, the number of jets increases, though the strength of the zonal flow decreases. The dependence of these features on Ekman and Rayleigh number is discussed, suggesting that at values well beyond the reach of present 3D simulations, solutions resembling the observed jovian zonal flow may exist. The boundary condition at the metallic/insulating hydrogen interface will be an important part of any explanation of the occurrence of multiple jets on the planet Jupiter.

No abstract

The heat transport analysis in the three-dimensional unsteady flow of non-Newtonian nanofluid is studied in this research communication. Comparison of water-based ternary hybrid nanofluid conveying three various shaped nanoparticles (titanium spherical-carbon nanotube (CNT) cylindrical-graphene platelet) and Zinc Oxide-Society of Automotive Engineers 50 nanolubricant (ZnO-SAE50Nanolubricant) is emphasized with two different models. Also, this paper is mainly focused on an electrically non-conducting and incompressible magnetic liquid with moderate saturation magnetization and low Curie temperature. An infinitely long, straight wire delivering an electric current generates a magnetic field that affects the fluid. To study heat transfer characteristics thermal radiation is taken into account. Pertinent flow expressions are reduced into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through appropriate transformations. The obtained ODEs are solved by means of the numerical method Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg’s fourth-fifth order method (RKF-45) with shooting technique. Results reveals that the ZnO-SAE50Nanolubricant flow shows maximum heat transport followed by titanium spherical-CNT cylindrical-graphene platelet-water hybrid nanofluid flow for increased values of radiation parameter. Further in this scenario, it is found that the heat transfer rate in ternary hybrid nanofluid increases about 2–5% whereas in Nanolubricant it is about 3–8% for the gradual increasing values of the ferromagnetic interaction parameter.

This article comprehensively investigates the thermal performance of a ternary hybrid nanofluid flowing in a permeable inclined cylinder/plate system. The study focuses on the effects of key constraints such as the inclined geometry, permeable medium, and heat source/sink on the thermal distribution features of the ternary nanofluid. The present work is motivated by the growing demand for energy-efficient cooling systems in various industrial and energy-related applications. A mathematical model is developed to describe the system’s fluid flow and heat-transfer processes. The PDEs (partial differential equations) are transformed into ODEs (ordinary differential equations) with the aid of suitable similarity constraints and solved numerically using a combination of the RKF45 method and shooting technique. The study’s findings give useful insights into the behavior of ternary nanofluids in permeable inclined cylinder/plate systems. Further, important engineering coefficients such as skin friction and Nusselt numbers are discussed. The results show that porous constraint will improve thermal distribution but declines velocity. The heat-source sink will improve the temperature profile. Plate geometry shows a dominant performance over cylinder geometry in the presence of solid volume fraction. The rate of heat distribution in the cylinder will increase from 2.08% to 2.32%, whereas in the plate it is about 5.19% to 10.83% as the porous medium rises from 0.1 to 0.5.