Purpose This study aims to measure the knowledge levels toward retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) among pediatricians covering neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the major hospitals in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. To our knowledge, this is the first report to assess the awareness level of ROP in the NICU pediatricians in the region. Patients and Methods This is a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive study using self-administered electronic questionnaires to assess the knowledge level among NICU pediatricians at the main hospitals of Tabuk city. We used a self-administer online validated knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. A scoring system was implemented in the data analysis, depending on the correct chosen answers on the KAP questionnaire, to present the ROP knowledge level in the participants. Results The study included 41 NICU pediatricians. Most of the participants’ age exceeded 40 years (51.2%). The majority were recruited from either King Salman Military hospital (34.1%) or King Khalid hospital (31.7%). The average frequency of preterm infants seen per month exceeded 15 infants among 41.4% of the respondents. Most pediatricians recognized the important treatment modalities available for ROP (92.7%); however, only 24.4% of them could recognize that 32 weeks or less is the gestational age of the screening criteria for ROP. The overall knowledge score ranged between 4 and 10, out of a possible maximum of 12 with a mean ± SD of (6.68±1.47). The majority (75.6%) believe that the ROP treatment can successfully prevent blindness. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the NICU pediatricians have good knowledge about the treatment modalities of ROP. However, their knowledge about the inclusion criteria of ROP screening was insufficient. Thus, we highlighted the necessity of raising the awareness level and the strict application of the clinical guidelines among NICU pediatricians and healthcare workers involved in managing ROP.

Background: The characteristics of premature infants vary from country to country rendering it challenging to apply retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening algorithm globally. The screening criteria for postnatal growth and ROP (G-ROP) for preterm infants are known to be beneficial, but it is not clear whether these criteria can be used universally. Aim: The aim of this study is to validate the accuracy of the G-ROP criteria in screening preterm infants in Saudi Arabia. Subjects and Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 300 premature infants (mean gestational age [GA], 28.72 ± 2.2 weeks; range, 21–36 weeks) at a referral center who were screened for ROP between 2015 and 2021. The inclusion criteria were the availability of data on ROP outcome and body weight up until day 40 after birth. The G-ROP 1 and G-ROP 2 models were examined for their ability and accuracy in identifying infants with any stage ROP and treatable ROP. Results: The G-ROP 1 and G-ROP 2 models identified 233 and 255 infants for screening, respectively. The sensitivity of G-ROP 1 and G-ROP 2 for detecting treated ROP was 96.7% and 100%, respectively, and the specificity for detecting treatable ROP was 24.4% and 16.7%, respectively. Incorporation of the G-ROP 2 model, which did not miss any infant with type 1 ROP, would have reduced the number of screened infants by 15%. Conclusion: G-ROP 2 was more sensitive than G-ROP 1 for identifying infants who required treatment and could potentially reduce the burden of ROP screening.

Neovascular glaucoma (NVG) is an aggressive type of glaucoma, which often results in poor visual outcomes. Antivascular endothelial growth factor is frequently used for various conditions in which VEGF release is induced in response to retinal ischemia. Bevacizumab is a humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal IgG1 antibody. The potential of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents to modify the disease course of neovascular glaucoma (NVG) was recognized shortly after their use in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration was reported. These medications were noted to induce rapid regression of the anterior segment neovascularization that characterizes NVG. Several studies as well as extensive clinical experience have demonstrated a rapid regression of anterior segment neovascularization following the injection of anti-VEGF agents. This review aims to summarize current evidences regarding effectiveness of Bevacizumab in management of neovascular glaucoma.

AAE-C1-INH (acquired angioedema owing to C1-inhibitor (C1-INH) deficiency) is a dangerous illness that can lead to asphyxiation due to laryngeal edoema. Only around 1% to 2% of angioedema cases are classified as HAE or AAE, with HAE being 10 times more prevalent than AAE. The sole clinical distinction between HAE and AAE is the age at which symptoms appea, AAE-C1-INH is usually diagnosed after 40 years of age. There is no licensed therapy for AAE-C1-INH at this time. AAE-C1-INH attacks are treated with HAE-C1-INH medicines such plasma-derived C1-INH concentrate (pdC1-INH) and the bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist, icatibant. These on-demand medications are thought to be most helpful when provided early in the attack. However, there is a scarcity of published data on the efficacy and safety of AAE-C1-INH therapies.