This study aims to determine the effect of the type of solvent on extract yield, total phenolics and IC50 values of the skin of red dragon fruit and also obtain the best type of solvent that provides extract rendement, total phenolics and the highest or best IC50 value for extracting red dragon fruit peels. There are 3 types of solvents used (95% ethanol, ethyl acetate and acetone: water (7: 3) with a sample-solvent ratio (5:1 v/b).  The data obtained were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design that was applied to observations of extract rendemen, phenolics total and IC50 values, if the treatment had a very significant or significant effect followed by continued BNJ test at 1% or 5% level. The results showed that the solvent ratio very significantly affected the extract rendemen, phenolics total and IC50 value of red dragon fruit peel extract.  Ethanol 95% solvent is the best solvent for extracting dragon fruit peels because it has the highest yield (26.15%), total phenolic (64.75 ppm) and antioxidant activity (IC50 value) (120.53 ppm) highest or best. Keywords : IC50, the red dragon fruit skin, solvent ratio, extract yield, phenolics total

Tomat sebagai komoditas hortikultura memiliki sifat yang mudah rusak. Penanganan yang tidak tepat pada buah tomat sebelum, selama dan sesudah pemanenan dapat mempercepat proses kerusakan sehingga mengakibatkan penurunan mutu, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi nilai gizi dan nilai ekonomisnya. Hal ini juga berpengaruh terhadap konsumen yang menginginkan tingkat kesegaran buah tomat. Oleh karena itu sangat penting untuk memperhatikan mutu produk dengan cara perlakuan suhu dan lama penyimpanan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan jenis bahan pengemas terbaik yang dikombinasikan dengan perlakuan suhu dan lama penyimpanan pada tomat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium FMIPA Universitas Tadulako. Waktu penelitian dari Bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu suhu dengan 2 taraf yaitu suhu ruang (30 ℃) dan suhu refrigerator (5 ℃) dan faktor kedua yaitu lama penyimpanan dengan 2 taraf yaitu 5 hari dan 10 hari, yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali ulangan sehingga terdapat 12 unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suhu dan lama penyimpanan tidak berpengaruh terhadap susut buah tomat dan tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan suhu dan lama penyimpanan terhadap susut bobot buah tomat. Jenis bahan pengemas, suhu dan lama penyimpanan memberikan hasil kadar air buah tomat yang berbeda. Semakin lama penyimpanan maka semakin tinggi kadar vitamin C buah tomat dan bahan pengemas plastik PP memberikan hasil kadar vitamin C yang lebih tinggi. Begitupun kadar likopen semakin lama waktu penyimpanan maka kadar likopen pada buah tomat akan semakin meningkat.

This study aims to determine the effect of the ratio of solvents to extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 values ​​of red dragon fruit peel and also get the optimal solvent ratio to obtain extract yield, phenolics total and the highest or best IC50 values ​​of red dragon fruit peel extracts. The solvent ratio used there are 6 levels of the ratio: 2:1; 3:1; 4:1; 5:1; 6:1 and 7:1 (v/w). The data obtained were analyzed using a Completely Randomized Design that was applied to observations of extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 values, if the treatment had a very significant or significant effect followed by continued Tukey HSD test at 1% or 5% level. The results showed that the solvent ratio very significantly affected the extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 value of red dragon fruit peel extract.  The solvent ratio of 4:1 (v/w) produced extract yield, phenolics total and IC50 values the highest or best i.e  26.22%, 71.56 ppm, and 124.62 ppm. Keywords : IC50, the red dragon fruit skin, solvent ratio, phenolics total

One of the recommended concepts of organic agriculture is the use of organic fertilizers and minimizing the use of inorganic fertilizers in farming activities or crop cultivation. Manure is one of the organic fertilizers that are often used as fertilizer, one of which is goat manure. In addition, there are several types of household waste that can be used as liquid organic fertilizers such as the waste rice washing water that can be applied to plants. The research objective were to determine the effect of giving rice washing water waste and manure to the growth and yield of mustard plants. This research was conducted from February to April 2017. This study used a randomized block design with two factors consisting of 16 treatments and repeated three times. The first factor isto control rice washing waterwith a concentration of 10, 20 and 30 ml/liter of water and the second factor is manure consisting of control, manure 5, 10 and 15 grams. This study uses quantitative data analysis techniques. Analysis of quantitative descriptive data used is plant height and number of leaves.Observation results of plant height showed that the highest average of plant height was experienced by 20 ml/liter rice washing water and 15 goat manure treatment. Likewise, the average number of leaves of mustard plants was not significantly different from the treatment of rice washing water, but the number of leaves in mustard plants was not significant. The results showed there were no significant interactions between the concentration of rice washing water and manure doses on growth and yield of mustard greens The rice washing water did not have a significant effect on plant height and number of leaves. The difference in the results of this study was thought to be caused by differences in the types of rice used.