This research investigates the primary constraint causing the low competitiveness of Indonesian footwear exports compared to Vietnam with new information from a number of the latest studies. This study uses Reveal Comparative Advantage (RCA) and the Trade Specialization Index (TSI). Differences in culture, economic structure, and firm rivalry all contribute to Indonesia's power competitiveness. This research adds a competitive advantage to study the factors that hamper the low competitiveness of Indonesian footwear against Vietnam. The results show that Indonesia's comparative advantage is more moderate than Vietnam, with an average RCA of 4, while Vietnam is 9. The average value of TSI is Indonesia close to 1 and Vietnam 1. The primary constraints are workers' wages higher than Vietnam, and business services such as R & D have not utilized. The development of the footwear industry policy must identify from upstream to downstream. The affirmative system made must be used to overcome short-medium term problems.JEL Classification: F13, F12, F17.How to Cite:Abdulkadir, A., Afriana, Wendra., & Azis, H. A. (2020). Footwear Export Competitiveness of Indonesia-Vietnam. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 9(2), 269-284. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i2.15404.

This paper aims to find out the right and fast strategy in anticipating the decline in the welfare of fishermen Kamal Muara during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research used SAST, AHP, and ISM analysis methods. Based on the results of ISM processing, it shows that the most appropriate and quick strategy is to provide subsidies for fishermen's losses due to large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). Second, providing training programs for processing derivative products and training on sales digitization. Third, with digital marketing training to optimize the marketing of their fish catch while ensuring the safety of anglers at work. The government's role, in this case, is not only in budget allocation but also fosters and assists so that anglers can be adaptive to technology in every fishing activity.

This study investigates the relationship between R&D and economic growth in 33 OECD countries. This research uses panel data method. The results showed that there are three independent variables that affect economic growth. Namely, gross domestic expenditure on R&D, government research, and internet access. However, gross domestic expenditure on R&D and government research has a negative impact on economic growth. With the t-statistics of -2.944775 and -0.203002, respectively. While the t-statistic for internet access variable is 2.460783. This shows that only the internet access variable has a positive effect on economic growth. Meanwhile, the variable access to computers from home does not affect economic growth, because the probability is 0.0674 or> 0.05. These findings do not support the general hypothesis that R&D expenditures will have a positive impact on economic growth. The research agenda must be clear, substantive and short-term and must be implemented as a consideration in making decisions. So that every investment in R&D spending provides benefits with the hope of creating new innovations, so that the Indonesian economy grows positively.

Inequality, poverty, and unemployment in villages are still problems that have not been adequately resolved to date. Starting to allocate village funds in 2015 and Cash For Work (CFW) in 2018, it hopes this would accelerate these problems. This study uses a meta frontier analysis. This study found three factors that significantly affected inefficiency: the variable number of villages that had not budgeted for CFW ≥30%, the number of villages that had not reported CFW, and the CFW process status ≥ 30%. This study proposes three policy recommendations, including the 30 percent minimum working day (HOK) limit that is no longer a benchmark and gives villages the freedom to use the Village Fund using the self-management method. Second, the Government should synergize data on poverty reduction programs and unemployment between ministries or institutions. Third, the Village Government must prioritize the development of village potential while still empowering marginalized communities.Keywords: Efficiency, Cash Intensive WorkJEL: D72, H7