Modern systems rely on contributions from many disciplines, requiring a systems perspective when evaluating project outcomes. This investigation provides insight into categorizations of influencers on project outcomes across a range of disciplines and the challenges in categorizing perceived influencers on project outcomes when multiple disciplines are collaborating on a project. This research identifies 390 categorizations from 12 disciplines through systematic review, extracts over 4000 perceived influencers on project outcomes as metadata and analyses the categorizations with a focus on disciplinary similarities. The results of the meta‐analysis indicate that contents of categorizations of perceived influencers on project outcomes are diverse, both within and across disciplines, highlighting the significance of understanding the disciplinary contributions to project outcomes, in order to develop successful systems. Findings indicate that practising systems engineers need to consider the many perspectives that are entangled in the design of complex multidisciplinary systems into a holistic view of the system.

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The objective of this research is to develop a methodology for an arts‐based intervention that can effectively promote employee voice. An arts‐based intervention was developed to promote employee voice, supported by literature and expert knowledge. This intervention was applied at the 2019 NASA Cost and Schedule Symposium. Participants indicated that the intervention was effective in eliciting “hidden truths.” Several topics were revealed that participants felt uncomfortable discussing in the workplace. The intervention methodology is evaluated, considering limitations and future changes.

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