Urinary incontinence post-radical prostatectomy is a common complication that might negatively impact patients’ quality of life. Treatments include medical and surgical options, being the insertion of an artificial urethral sphincter (AUS) the gold standard. The aim of this narrative review is to evaluate the outcomes of artificial urinary sphincter implantation for urinary incontinence developed post-radical prostatectomy with and without radiation, in terms of urinary continence and complications. The MEDLINE and Scopus search returned 477 articles. A total of eleven articles were included for qualitative analysis. A total of 707 men that met the inclusion criteria were included. The 22.6% of the men (160 patients) received pelvic external beam radiotherapy prior to the implantation of the artificial urinary sphincter. The overall continence success rate was defined by the use of pads. Some authors reported a success rate of 0 pads per day (PPD) or ≤ 1 PPD in the last follow-up. The complications included urethral atrophy, mechanical failure, revision and/or removal of the device, infection and erosion. Further prospective studies should be done to clarify continence concepts after the placement of an AUS and long-term complications.

Objective: To investigate the correlations between abdominal aortic calcifications (AAC) and the underlying urinary metabolic abnormalities in stone-formers (SF). Methods: Patients with a 24 h urinary panel and computed tomography scan were included. The Kauppila Score (KS) was used to quantitatively assess AAC; clinical data and stone information were also recorded. The Spearman correlation was utilized. Results: A total of 54 patients were included, the mean age was 46.4±11.2, 75.9% were female, and 59.3% had AAC. Hypertension and AAC were associated (p=0.026), and the KS was higher in patients with hypertension. Hypocitraturia (98.1%) and hypercalciuria (16.7%) were the most frequent urinary abnormalities, but they were unrelated to AAC (p>0.05). The 24 urinary panel, blood biochemistry, stone burden and hardness, and body mass index were not correlated to the KS (p>0.05). Limitations: This work had the following limitations:  its retrospective nature, a relatively small sample, and the lack of an automated informatics-based assessment of AAC. Conclusion: The link between cardiovascular diseases and kidney stones is still to be elucidated. Our finding differs from the other few studies reported on the literature, as no correlation was found between AAC and the urinary metabolic abnormalities in SF.