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Rationale The loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is a fruit tree that has been used in Chinese medicine for thousands of years for the treatment of various diseases. The loquat leaf extracts contain several bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and identification of these substances using quick and simple methods has been an analytical trend. Methods The influence of dehydration of loquat leaves (without drying, at 40°C, and at 60°C), the type of solvent (ethanol and methanol), and the method of extraction (shaking and ultrasound) on obtaining extracts containing phenolic compounds and substances with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties was evaluated. The chemical constituents of an extract were identified using paper spray mass spectrometry (PS‐MS). Results The extract obtained from the dehydrated leaves at 40°C presented the best results. The extracts obtained from these leaves and with ethanol had the highest values of total phenolics and antioxidant activities, but the methanolic extract subjected to ultrasound had the highest levels of chlorogenic, caffeic, and ellagic acids. All extracts evaluated inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Using the PS‐MS technique, it was possible to identify the presence of 49 substances such as organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sugars, quinones, and terpenes. Conclusions In general, extracts of dehydrated leaves at 40°C and extracted with ethanol using ultrasound can be considered a good source of bioactive compounds with potential applications as functional ingredients or additives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. PS‐MS was demonstrated to be a simple and ultrafast technique to obtain the chemical profile of the loquat leaf extract.

Green Cavendish banana peel and pulp flours were obtained by three drying methods: oven dryer at 70 °C; air fryer at 180 °C and domestic oven at 180 °C, being the latter two new possibilities. Bioactive constituents using paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS-MS), phenolic identification and quantification by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with UV-Visible detection (UPLC/UV-Vis) and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Phenolic acids showed distinct thermal stability between the treatments. Gallic acid was the predominant compound, ranging from (29.56 to 1211.74 mg 100 g−1) and had higher concentration than that found in other bananas described in literature. Green Cavendish banana flour is an advantageous source of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity, especially its peel. 26 compounds were identified by PS-MS: phenolics,organic acids, sugars, amino acid, phytosterol, iridoid and coumarin derivatives. Green Cavendish banana flour has great functional potential, and the air fryer can be a promising alternative for drying.

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O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade da farinha espelta em concentrações diferentes de Transglutaminase (TGase) para a produção de pães de fermentação natural. A farinha espelta é conhecida como um grão ancestral que apesar de suas qualidades nutricionais não tem uma boa qualidade proteica para a produção de pães de longa fermentação.  Utilizaram-se testes reológicos laboratoriais de panificação e análise do volume e massa do pão nos diferentes tempos de fermentação (2 – 4 – 6 horas) com diferentes concentrações de TGase (0, 1000, 3000 e 5000 ppm). Design no estudo: os testes foram feitos com 3 repetições. Os dados foram coletados sobre o volume e a massa do pão assado além das avaliações reológicas da massa através de testes de alveografia, extensografia e alveografia. A massa e o volume dos pães assados foram analisadas através o teste ANOVA-two way, incluindo as interações entre as variáveis preditoras e as análises reológicas foram analisadas através o teste de aditividade de Tukey e Análise de Variância. Na avaliação da massa e volume do pão, constatou-se que na farinha espelta a melhor concentração foi de 3000 no tempo de fermentação de 4 horas. Em todas as concentrações de TGase percebeu-se aumento da força da farinha espelta e aumento da elasticidade contudo, não refletiu na melhoria no equilibrio entre a tenacidade e extensibilidade da massa, entretanto concluindo efeitos significativos nas características da farinha espelta em todas as concentrações de TGase.