Background Hypertension, also referred to as the silent killer, is known to be one of the most common chronic diseases in the world today. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension among Algerian population. Methods This is a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study involving individuals aged 18 to 69 years old who were identified in the database of the national survey on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) risk factors conducted in Algeria between 2016 and 2017 using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) STEPwise approach. Differences in prevalence between normotensives, prehypertensives and hypertensives were assessed using the chi-square test. We also looked at the role of numerous socio-demographic, economic, geographical, and behavioural factors in blood pressure status using a logistic regression model. Results The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 36.2% (95% confidence interval: 35.2–37.5%) and 31.6% (95% CI: 30.5–32.7%) respectively. Prehypertension was shown to be substantially higher in males than in women, while hypertension was found to be higher in females compared to men. In addition, both sexes had a rise in the prevalence of blood pressure as they grew older. A according to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the main common risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension were ageing, obesity, and abdominal obesity. Moreover hypercholesterolemia, and marital status (separated/divorced) were correlated to hypertension. Conclusion Prehypertension and hypertension are high and epidemic in Algeria. Therefore, the urgent quantification and monitoring of their risk factors becomes a necessity to plan appropriate preventive measures, in order to fight against NCDs in general.

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common disorder that affects around 3 to 5% of pregnant women. It has different causes, and in about 50%, it is of unknown etiology. Thrombophilia might increase the risk of RPL by adversely affecting the normal placental vascular function. Our study aimed to determine the frequency of factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A gene mutations in Algerian women with RPL and to correlate their presence with the occurrence of such health's problem. A total of 80 women with previous fetal losses and 100 age-matched women with no history of fetal loss were recorded. Participants were tested for activated protein C resistance (APCR), protein C (PC), protein S (PS), and antithrombin (AT) deficiencies. The screening of FVL and prothrombin G20210A mutations was also done using a duplex polymerase chain reaction. Results: APCR was detected in 6.25% of cases and was absent in controls (p = 0.011). PC and PS deficiencies were documented in 7.5% of patients. FVL was detected in 8.33% of patients and was absent in controls (p = 0.047). Prothrombin G20210A mutation was found in 8.33% of patients compared to 11.11% of controls (p = 0.631). A significant association of FVL mutation with the abortion which occurred in the second trimester was found (p = 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant association between FVL mutation and RPL especially the loss occurring during the second trimester. No correlation was found regarding prothrombin G20210A mutation.

Concentrations of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Ni were determined in the red alga Corallina officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758), the green alga Ulva lactuca (Linnaeus, 1753) and sediment sampled in four stations of the coastline of Honaïne (extreme Western Algeria). The abundance of metal concentrations in algae and sediment samples, is in the following order: Fe > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cd. The schematic representation by PCA reflects a strong correlation of the corallina with Cd and Pb, the ulva with Zn and Ni and sediment with Cu and Fe, in addition, to homogeneity of rehearsals in each matrix. The results of this study validate the use of these species as reliable tools for biomonitoring of metal pollution of coastal ecosystems, even if the levels of heavy metals in sediment and algae from the coastline of Honaïne are in general, very low compared with those from other geographic areas and by guidelines.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is a real public health problem, concerning not only its complications and cost, but also its increasing incidence and the fact that it occurs in young people. The objective of this study is to define the epidemiological, clinical and genetic aspects of type 1 diabetes in the population of Tlemcen (West Algeria). Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study of a population of 316 diabetic patients under the age of 15 years in the pediatrics service of Tlemcen University Hospital (TUH), during a period of three months from March 01 to May 31, 2017. Results: The average age of the study population is 8.71±3.12 years, the female/male sex ratio is 0.86. Regarding family history, 38.27% of the children have at least one family history of diabetes. Furthermore, 9.25% of the children are from a consanguineous marriage versus 90.75% nonconsanguineous. Conclusion: Our work to determine the epidemiological profile of diabetes in children can be a starting point for the declaration of other etiological factors whose aim is to plan a prevention strategy as well as better care for people suffering from this type of diabetes in the region of Tlemcen in particular and Algeria in general.

Background: Type 2 diabetes now has the dimensions of a pandemic, and in Algeria, diabetes is a serious public health problem. More than 1.4 million adults (6.95%) of the adult population suffer from it. This study analyzes type 2 diabetes in relation to some risk factors in the Ghazaouet region (west Algeria), showing the impact of inbreeding, heredity, certain socio-demographics, clinical and biological factors on the frequency of this disease. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive, case-control study of a population of 161 people, including 69 diabetics and 92 controls, at the PH (Public Hospital) in Ghazaouet. The data were analyzed by a logistic regression, processed by the Minitab version 16. Results: In this population, type 2 diabetes is statistically associated with age, sex, family history of diabetes, consanguinity and hypertension (p <5%). The variables used by the logistic regression model as risk factors for diabetes in this region are age, family history of diabetes, and high blood pressure. Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes in this region is largely related to hereditary factors and high blood pressure. A better understanding of these factors is essential for the establishment of effective prevention policies.