Peningkatan swamedikasi (pengobatan sendiri) oleh masyarakat, berdampak terhadap terjadinya penyimpanan persediaan obat di rumah tangga. Hal tersebut diperlukan pengetahuan dalam pengelolaan obat yang tepat supaya tidak terjadi kesalahan dalam penggunaan obat. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, kewajiban apoteker (farmasis) yaitu melakukan pendekatan terhadap masyarakat dengan memberikan informasi yang tepat terkait penggunaan obat yang benar mulai dari cara mendapatkan sampai dengan membuang obat yang sudah habis. Tujuan program Gerakan Keluarga Sadar Obat (GKSO) DAGUSIBU yaitu masyarakat menjadi lebih pintar dan bijak dalam menggunakan obat. Sosialisasi ini dilakukan di Ranting Aisyiah Kota Surakarta. Metode yang dilakukan melalui penyuluhan DAGUSIBU kepada anggota Aisyiah dilakukan dengan cara memberikan informasi langsung (presentasi) dan pemberian leaflet terkait DAGUSIBU. Hasil pretest menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar peserta telah mengetahui bahwa obat sebaiknya didapatkan di apotek dan mengetahui ciri obat yang yang rusak. Pengetahuan yang kurang terdapat pada: penandaan obat, penggunaan obat sebelum dan setelah makan, penggunaan antibiotik, tempat penyimpanan obat dan waktu penyimpanan obat, cara membuang obat yang rusak. Berdasarkan pengamatan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan menunjukkan adanya respon yang baik terhadap pemahaman dalam mendapatkan, menggunakan, menyimpan dan membuang obat dengan tepat pada anggota Aisyiah.

Urinary tract infections are infections are characterized by the presence of bacteria that grow and multiply in the urinary tract in excess of the normal amount. Based on the Indonesian Health Profile, urinary tract infections (UTI) are the 10 most common causes of death. Improper use of antibiotics can cause no therapeutic effect and resistance. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of antibiotic use in patients with urinary tract infections in central hospital Klaten in 2017 covers the right indication, right patient, right medication, and right dosage. Research with non-experimental methods of data retrieval retrospectively and analyzed descriptively. The inclusion criteria in this study were adult patients 18-64 years old, inpatients suffering from urinary tract infections including cystitis and pyelonephritis, receiving antibiotics and complete medical record data. The results showed that patients with urinary tract infections in RSUP in Klaten 2017 had 72 patients with 76 antibiotic prescriptions. Based on the number of patients, the evaluation results showed the right indication is 100% and the right patients is 100%, while the exact evaluation results of the right drug is 96.05% and the right doses is 27,63%.

The administration of early intravenous antibiotics was one of the fundamental procedures in sepsis. Inappropriate of antibiotics in septic patients has an impact on mortality and prolongs treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotics therapy in hospitalized sepsis patients in Central Java based on the parameters right indication, right patient, right drug, and the right dose. This study was observational. Data collected retrospectively and analyzed descriptively. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria were inpatients diagnosed with sepsis who received antibiotics therapy with complete medical record data. The exclusion criteria were patients who died of sepsis. Antibiotics analyzed using the DIH 25th edition 2016, IONI 2014, Tata Laksana Sepsis Pada Anak IDAI 2016, Neofax 2014, Kepmenkes PNPK Tata Laksana Sepsis 2017, PPK RS, and SHC Antimicrobial Dosing 2017. Based on data from 108 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria obtained results right indication 100%, right patient 97.22%, right drug 90.74%, and the right dose 48.15%. The most used antibiotic was a combination of ampicillin and gentamicin (41.67%), while the single antibiotic was ceftriaxone (12.96%).

Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children aged 5 < years worldwide. Diarrhea is also a potential endemic disease of Extraordinary Events (Kejadian Luar Biasa/KLB) followed by mortality in Indonesia. Diarrhea is a disease that can be treated with self-medication. Knowledge affects attitudes and daily health behavior. When the knowledge is not sufficient, it may result in wrong drugs selection and finally therapy failure. Knowledge of diarrhea among mothers of toddlers indicates the ability to understand any information related to diarrhea, whereas parents with low levels of knowledge are twice more prone to a risk of suffering from diarrhea. Parents of toddlers must possess adequate knowledge to perform self-medication for diarrhea in children, therefore self-medication can be carried out accordingly and there are no medication errors. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between knowledge, attitudes, and behavior on self-medication of diarrhea among parents of toddlers in Parangjoro, Grogol, Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia. This research is a cross-sectional study with a sampling technique using accidental sampling. The inclusion criteria in this study were mothers of children aged 5 years, agreed to be respondents, could read and write, had practiced self-medication, and followed research procedures. While the exclusion criteria for this study were parents whose educational or occupational backgrounds were in the health sector. The instrument used is a questionnaire. Data analysis applied the Spearman rank test. The results obtained that parents of children under five in Parangjoro, Grogol, Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia had a moderate level of knowledge (73.3%), moderate attitudes (55.6%), and good behavior (73.3%). The level of knowledge implied a correlation to attitudes of 0.596 with a p-value of < 0.05 and the correlation between knowledge and behavior was 0.245 with a p-value of < 0.05. All things considered, there was a correlation between the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior of self-medication for diarrhea among parents of toddlers in Parangjoro,

Pengobatan antiretroviral (ARV) bertujuan untuk menurunkan jumlah virus (viral load) serta menghambat perburukan infeksi oportunistik. Ketidakrasionalan terapi ARV akan menyebabkan peningkatan resiko morbiditas dan mortalitas, serta resiko resistensi obat.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi rasionalitas antiretroviral pada pasien HIV/AIDS di rumah sakit umum X Surakarta yang meliputi tepat indikasi, tepat pasien, tepat obat, dan tepat dosis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 99 pasien dengan metode purposive sampling. Data diambil melalui rekam medis pasien HIV/AIDS rawat inap di rumah sakit X Surakarta. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 87 Tahun 2014 tentang Pedoman Pengobatan Antiretroviral (2014), Pedoman Penerapan Terapi HIV pada Anak (2014), Pedoman Nasional Tatalaksana Klinis Infeksi HIV dan Terapi Antiretroviral pada Orang Dewasa (2011). Evaluasi dari 99 pasien yang memenuhi inklusi didapatkan hasil 100% tepat indikasi, 88,89% tepat pasien, 96,97% tepat obat dan 96,97% tepat dosis. Rasionalitas penggunaan terapi ARV pada pasien HIV/AIDS di rumah sakit umum X Surakarta sebesar 85,86%.   Katakunci: antiretroviral, HIV/AIDS, rasionalitas   EVALUATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS   ABSTRACT Antiretroviral (ARV) treatment aims to reduce the amount of virus (viral load) and inhibit opportunistic infections. The irrationality of ARV therapy will cause an increased risk of morbidity and mortality, as well as the risk of drug resistance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rationality of antiretroviral in HIV/AIDS patients at general hospital X Surakarta which includes the right indication, the right patient, the right drug, and the right dose. This study was an observational study. The research sample was 99 patients with purposive sampling method. Data was collected from medical records of inpatient HIV / AIDS patients at general hospital X Surakarta. Data were analyzed descriptively based on Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 87 Tahun 2014 tentang Pedoman Pengobatan Antiretroviral (2014), Pedoman Penerapan Terapi HIV pada Anak (2014), Pedoman Nasional Tatalaksana Klinis Infeksi HIV dan Terapi Antiretroviral pada Orang Dewasa (2011). An evaluation of 99 patients showed 100% correct indications, 88,89% right patients, 96,97% right drugs and 96,97% right doses. The rationality of antiretroviral therapy in HIV/AIDS patients at general hospital X Surakarta was 85,86%.   Keywords: antiretroviral, HIV/AIDS, rasionality