ABSTRAK. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji pola pemanfaatan ruang dalam tata spasial hunian yang berkembang berupa sistem spasial hunian dan aspek-aspek yang melandasi pembentukan dan pemanfaatan spasial hunian Suku Bajo pada kawasan kampung Wuring sebagai upaya untuk memahami kondisi awal hingga terbentuknya permukiman kampung saat ini. Aspek pembentukan spasial didalamnya mengandung substansi gagasan perencanaan dari fungsi, bentuk asli, variasi bentuk dan perkembangannya. Kondisi spasial hunian Suku Bajo di kampung Wuring Kota Maumere dilihat dari karakteristik permukiman masyarakat sebagai kampung awal peradaban muslim dan menjadi pusat penyebaran agama Islam di Kabupaten Sikka. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode fenomenologi dengan analisa deskriptif kualitatif dan bersifat naturalistik yaitu menggambarkan dan menginterpretasi catatan budaya Suku Bajo berupa keterangan sejarah, dokumen peta, maupun wujud fisik bangunan rumah masyarakat Suku Bajo. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran secara umum yaitu sistem spasial hunian mencakup organisasi ruang, orientasi ruang dan hirarki ruang dalam lingkup mikro hunian yang berdampak terhadap perkembangan lingkungan. Secara khusus ada perkembangan ruang dalam (mikro) berupa konsep ma’bunda-ma’buli serta bentuk rumah panggung tumbuh dan bentuk rumah panggung diaruma sebagai respon terhadap kecenderungan pola pemanfaatan ruang hunian dan beberapa aspek non fisik yang melandasi pembentukan spasial hunian di kawasan kampung Wuring. Kata kunci: pemanfaatan, sistem spasial, hunian, Suku Bajo, kampung Wuring. ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research is to examine using spatial pattern of a dwelling which developed into the form of spatial system occupancy and aspects to underline the formation and spatial utilization of Bajo Tribe at Wuring village as an effort to understand the initial condition until the creation of current village settlement. The aspects of spatial formation in it contain substance the idea of the planning of the function, the original form, the variation of form and its development. The spatial condition of the Bajo Tribe in Maumere City is seen from the characteristics of the settlement’s community as the early village of Muslim civilization and became the center of spreading out of Islam in Sikka District. By the approach in this research has been using phenomenology method with qualitative descriptive and naturalistic analysis that is descriptive describing and interpreting cultural record of Bajo Tribe in the form of description history, map document, and physical form of Bajo Tribe’s house. The results of the study provide a general overview of the spatial system of occupancy includes organization, orientation, and hierarchy space within the scope of micro occupancy that impact on the development of the environment. Particularly, there is a development of inner space (micro) in the form of ma'bunda-ma'buli concept and the formation at the growth of stage house and diaruma’s stage form as a response to the trend of occupancy utilization pattern space and some non-physical aspects underlying on the spatial establishment of dwelling in Wuring village. Keywords: utilization, spatial system, dwelling, Bajo Tribe, Wuring village..
AbstrakKondisi spasial hunian Suku Bajo di kampung Wuring Kota Maumere dilihat pada karakteristik hunian masyarakat sebagai kampung awal peradaban muslim dan menjadi pusat penyebaran agama Islam di Kabupaten Sikka. Latar belakang sejarah sebagai tinjauan dalam menggali terbentuknya hunian masyarakat serta aspek geografis, sosial, budaya dan ekonomi masyarakat setempat. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode fenomenologi dengan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan bersifat naturalistik yaitu menggambarkan dan menginterpretasi catatan budaya Suku Bajo berupa keterangan sejarah, dokumen peta, maupun artefak yang berwujud fisik hunian masyarakat Suku Bajo. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji perkembangan spasial yang terbentuk berupa sistem spasial hunian dan aspek-aspek yang melandasi pembentukan spasial hunian Suku Bajo pada kawasan kampung Wuring sebagai upaya untuk memahami kondisi awal hingga terbentuknya hunian kampung saat ini. Hasil penelitian memberikan gambaran tentang sistem spasial hunian mencakup organisasi ruang, orientasi ruang dan hirarki ruang dalam lingkup mikro hunian berupa konsep ma'bunda-ma'buli. Selain itu gambaran perkembangan spasial hunian berupa bentuk panggung tumbuh dan panggung diaruma yang berdampak terhadap messo lingkungan karena adanya aspek non fisik yang melandasi pembentukan spasial hunian di kawasan kampung Wuring.
The spatial condition of the Bajo Tribe at Wuring village in Maumere Town is seen in the characteristics to residential community as early village of Muslim civilization and became the center of spreading out Islam in Sikka Regency. The historical background is as a review in exploring the formation’s community dwelling and geographical, social, cultural and economic aspects of the local community. This approach in research using phenomenology method with qualitative descriptive and naturalistic analysis that is describing and interpreting cultural record of Bajo Tribe in the form of description of history, map document, or artefact which in the form of physical resident of Bajo tribe society. The purpose of this study is to examine the spatial development that is formed in the form of spatial system to residential and the aspects underlying the spatial establishment of Bajo Tribe in Wuring village area as an effort to understand the initial condition until the formation of the present kampung hamlet. The result of this research gives general ilustration about occupancy spatial system including space organization, space orientation and space of hierarchy in micro scope of residence in the form of ma'bunda-ma'buli concept. On the other hand, it is also on environmental messo like form of spatial development shelter in the form of grow stage and diaruma stage because of the non-physical aspect underlined spatial formulation of dwellings to the area of Wuring village.
Title: Assessing the Tradition Building "Orin Tagan" Community of Kitaung Nita Sikka District "Orin tagan" is an elevated house with 1 meter height underneath space (lewu) in Nita Village, Sikka Regency. The interaction among different cultural groups resided in the island of Flores had influenced one another, particularly in house building tradition. Research on housebuilding tradition in Nita Village is still scarce, only a few researches focused on building tradition at Nita Village. So some researches are sought based on similar themes (theme: building tradition) and similar locations (location: Kampung Nita, Sikka Regency). This research problem formulation is to understand how the tradition of building "orin tagan" by the people of Kampung Nita. The purpose of this study is to investigate the building tradition of “orin tagan”, using descriptive/ narrative strategy and qualitative methods. Primary data were collected based on in-depth interviews with: undagi (village architect/ handyman) and community leaders. Data analysis covered: (1) participants? meaning analysis and (2) structural system analysis and (3) display system analysis. The research results were presented in the form of diagrams containing the elements that make up the structure of “orin tagan” in Nita Village, Sikka Regency, namely the structural system and the stylistic system. The structural system consists of: the structure of the roof, walls and foundation. The stylistic system consist of: terrace display and frame display.
Rumah berbentuk panggung yang disebut “Orin Tagan” yaitu rumah yangmemiliki kolong (lewu) atau panggung setinggi 1 meter. Sehubunganterjadinya interaksi dari budaya yang berbeda dan menetap di satu PulauFlores, maka unsur-unsur budaya yang dapat berpengaruh satu terhadapyang lain. Salah unsurnya berupa tradisi membangun. Penelitian tentangtradisi membangun rumah masyarakat kampung Nita sangat sedikit.Sehingga dicari beberapa penelitian berdasarkan tema sejenis (tema: tradisimembangun) dan lokasi sejenis (lokasi: Kampung Nita, Kabupaten Sikka).Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami bagaimana tradisimembangun “orin tagan” oleh masyarakat Kampung Nita. Tujuan penelitianini adalah untuk memahami tradisi membangun “orin tagan” olehmasyarakat Kampung Nita dengan membentuk sebuah diagram unsurpembentuk. Strategi penelitian bersifat deskriptif/naratif. Metodepengumpulan data bersifat kualitatif. Data primer diambil berdasarkan hasilwawancara mendalam dengan: undagi (arsitek kampung/tukang) dan tokohmasyarakat. Metode analisis data terdiri atas: (1) analisis paticipantsmeaning dan (2) analisis sistem struktur dan (3) analisis sistem tampilan.Hasil penelitian yang diharapkan adalah berupa diagram yang berisi unsurunsuryang membentuk struktur rumah panggung (orin tagan) padamasyarakat Kampung Nita Kabupaten Sika, yaitu sistem struktur dan sistemtampilan. Unsur pembentuk sistem struktur terdiri atas: struktur atap, dindingdan pondasi. Unsur pembentuk sistem sistem tampilan terdiri atas: tampilanteras dan tampilan kusen.
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