Background:Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease, affecting approximately 9.4% of the world’s population, with considerable effect on the quality of life. According to a previously conducted study, the prevalence rate of acne in Pakistan was found to be 5%. And to this date, no reliable data is available about the prevalence of acne in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of acne vulgaris and its psycho-social impact on female undergraduate medical students of Rawalpindi and Islamabad.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted during the month of August 2019 among female undergraduate medical students from three randomly selected medical colleges of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The diagnosed cases of acne vulgaris were assessed by using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US).ResultsThe prevalence of acne vulgaris was found to be 14.47% in female undergraduate medical students of Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Sixty percent (n=99) were found to have itchy sores and stinging skin, 66.7% (n=110) were embarrassed by their acne-prone skin, and the social activity of 60% (n=99) of the participants was affected by their active acne. Of the students, 73.9% were not affected by their acne while studying or working. Around 61.2% (n=101) complained that their acne treatment was a problem and hiding it took time or made a mess.Two percent showed a severe impact, with 14% having very large, 44% moderate, 30% low, and the remaining 10% with no effect of acne in their psychosocial functioning.ConclusionAcne vulgaris is a chronic skin disease that considerably affects the psychosocial functioning of female undergraduate medical students. A holistic approach in treating acne requires the participation of a dermatologist and mental health professional.

Introduction: Considerable interest has been shown in the field of sleep medicine in recent decades. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a common condition that remains neglected in most parts of the world. Data are scarce, if any, when it comes to developing countries. We sought to describe the patient population in a single private tertiary care center from such a country. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study that included a total of 203 patients over a fiveyear period was conducted. Polysomnographic studies were conducted in a dedicated sleep laboratory, under the supervision of sleep physicians. Data were described and analyzed based on clinical and self-reported outcomes, as well as polysomnographic characteristics, and compared them between genders and severity. Results: With the participants having an average age of 50.84 years and a BMI of 34.7 kg/m 2 , the study found that the increase in age and BMI was significantly correlated with an increase in the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in the Pakistani population. There was a significant difference in sleep latency (20.6 min in women vs. 10.8 min in men; p-value = 0.001) and efficiency (63.7% in women vs. 69.8 in men; p-value = 0.02) between the two genders. Decreases in nadir saturation, total sleep time, and sleep latency were also associated with an increase in the level of severity. Conclusion: There is a dire need for Pakistani, and in extension Asian, medical professionals to ramp up their pace to meet the needs of their population with regard to sleep medicine.