(45.5 and 56.9 %) and extract (45.7 and 52.7 %) groups as compared with their respective glucose levels at 0.5 h. On the other hand, on comparing between groups, both glibenclamide and methanol extract significantly (p < 0.05, p < 0.001) lowered the rise in blood glucose at 1 h (33.9 and 22.5 %), 2 h (62.8 and 59.16 %), and 3 h (64.6 and 57.1 %)

e aim of this study was to investigate the anticancer and antioxidant activities as well as the safety of the brown algae Dictyota dichotoma of the Western seacoast of Yemen. Cytotoxicity of methanol extract of D. dichotoma and several of its fractions, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous extracts against seven different cancer cell lines was determined by crystal violet staining. e antioxidant activity was also assessed using the DPPH radical scavenging assay. Acute toxicity study was performed on rats at increasing doses of the methanol extract. Extracts of D. dichotoma exerted a significant dose-dependent cytotoxicity on the seven tumor cell lines but were generally more selective on MCF-7 and PC-3. Among all fractions, the chloroform fraction of the D. dichotoma displayed the highest cytotoxic activity and was most effective in MCF-7, PC3, and CACO cells (IC 50 � 1.93 ± 0.25, 2.2 ± 0.18, and 2.71 ± 0.53 μg/mL, respectively). e petroleum ether fraction was also effective, particularly against MCF-7 and PC-3 (IC 50 � 4.77 ± 0.51 and 3.93 ± 0.51 μg/mL, respectively) whereas the activity of the ethyl acetate fraction was more pronounced against HepG2 and CACO (IC 50 � 5.06 ± 0.21 and 5.06 ± 0.23 μg/mL, respectively). Of all the extracts tested, the crude methanolic extract of the algae exhibited only a modest antioxidant potential (IC 50 � 204.6 ± 8.3 μg/mL). Doses as high as 5000 mg/kg body weight of D. dichotoma methanolic extracts were safe and well tolerated by rats. e overall results showed that D. dichotoma exhibited a significant cytotoxic activity probably due to the occurrence of nonpolar cytotoxic compounds, which is independent of its antioxidant capability.

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50 and 59 %, respectively (p < 0.05)

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