We studied the feasibility of reusing of treated industrial wastewater from Tehran Refinery and Distribution Company in the production of concrete. Three types of concrete samples with 350, 400, and 450 kg/m 3 of cement were made with two different types of water, including drinking water and treated industrial wastewater. The results indicated that the use of treated industrial wastewater in the production of concrete instead of drinking water resulted in a 6.9% decreased in compressive strength of cement sand mortar at the age of 28 days. Nevertheless, the strength of cement mortar satisfied the standard of ASTM C109/C109M-16a. The compressive strength of concrete sample produced using treated industrial wastewater decreased by 8.7%; however, the results complied with BS EN 1008. The results of final setting time of cement paste made with treated industrial wastewater had 17 min delay related to using drinking water. Nonetheless, the results satisfy ASTMC191-13. Normal consistency of hydraulic cement, water absorption percentage, the air content of freshly mixed concrete, and concrete density of concrete samples made with treated industrial wastewater did not change significantly related to concrete samples made with drinking water. Similarly, the results of electrical resistivity of concrete samples increased by an average 7.7%, while using treated wastewater instead of drinking water. Nevertheless, the chlorine ion penetration potential was very low. As a result, we could use the treated industrial wastewater for producing concrete. K E Y W O R D Scompressive strength, concrete sample, treated industrial wastewater, water scarcity

Leaking water from pipes depends on several factors such as pressure, pipe material, types of cracks and holes and also regime of flow through cracks. The effects of these factors on the leakage have been investigated by several researchers. However, few studies have been found considering the effects of soil around the pipes on the leakage discharge. Here, the leakage from polyethylene pipes is simulated in the laboratory, selecting several soils with different specifications. The leak discharge equation is adjusted to evaluate the effects of soil characteristics. Accordingly, grain diameter greater than 10% and 50% passing, coefficient of uniformity, coefficient of curvature, liquidity limit, plastic limit, plasticity index and hydraulic permeability have been considered to represent the soil properties. It is observed that the leakage is changed in accordance with most of the above parameters. The effects of grain diameter greater than 50% passing, plastic limit and hydraulic permeability are higher on the leakage, comparing to those of other parameters. However, no meaningful relationship is observed between the leakage and some parameters. The effects of significant characteristics are shown by the equations presented in this study.

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