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Schematic representation of Cd2+ recognition by the imprinted polymer and fluorescence signal creation as a result of the mentioned recognition process.

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Nanopapers are known as thin sheets chiefly made of firmly crammed renewable nanomaterials including nanocellulose, nanochitin, and nanochitosan that endow much superior physicochemical merits in comparison to ordinary paper. The ever-augmenting popularity of employing nanopapers in copious applications is related to alluring and unrivalled characteristics comprising their innate renewability, biodegradability, nontoxicity, flexibility, and printability as easy-to-functionalize/administrate bioplatforms. Nanopapers have witnessed tremendous growth over the last decades in advanced optical applications ranging from (bio)sensors, optoelectronic devices, photovoltaic (PV) devices, electrochromic devices, organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), light diffusers, ultraviolet (UV)-blocking devices, phototransistors, photocatalysis, and anticounterfeiting substrates on account of their inherent natural features together with other optoelectronic properties, particularly their optical transparency, high flexibility, and mechanical properties. In the current review, while introducing different types of nanopapers, we intend to provide novel insights on how they have been tailored and employed in combination with other optical (nano)materials to fabricate nanopaper-based platforms for a wide variety of green photonic and optical applications. Building upon the extraordinarily features unveiled by nanopapers as promising bionanomaterials and significant progress in this area, we envisage that nanopaper-based platforms will provide ground-breaking prospects to develop efficient, affordable, and disposable optical devices in the near future.

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