This study aims to examine the impact of the ownership structure on firm performance in the Jordan. This study employed the multiple-regression model and fixed regression effect to analyse the data. The sample included all Jordanian first market firms listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) from 2012 to 2018. The paper's findings reveal a positive and significant relationship between institutional ownership and both accounting measure Return on Assets (ROA) and market measure Tobin's Q (TQ). Other ownership structure types, such as concentration of ownership, also affect ROA and TQ. While managerial ownership shows a negative relationship with ROA, but there is no association with TQ. This study has broad and comprehensive practical implications that are good for policymakers. On the one hand, it adds to the debate on agency theory from the ownership structure and firm's performance relationship. On the other hand, it helps the Jordanian ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Purpose: The main theme of the study relates to the assessment of the impact of artificial intelligence on accounting professionals, especially the upcoming generation of an accountant. The study aims to assess the effects of the introduction of AI-based systems in the field of accounting and answer the question of how it has changed the world of accounting professionals and to forward relevant suggestions to policymakers. Design/Approach/Methodology: The study consists of the results of qualitative document analysis on the topic of artificial intelligence in the accounting industry. Findings: The research concludes that the serious concerns amongst the practicing accountant in the present-day world can be replaced by an Artificial Intelligence-based automated system. To avoid this fate, the accountants need not only to adapt to the use of information technology but also need to adapt to the ever-changing business environment. Practical Implication: It has been recommended that to enhance the performance and effectiveness of accounting functions the accountants and accounting firms should keep abreast of continuous improvements in artificial intelligence in their field, which will eventually lead to a reduction in accounting costs to the firm along with adding value to the accounting industry by shifting the focus of accountants to data-driven and analytics-based decision from existing monotonous tasks. Originality/Value: The study is original and it adds to scholarly debate on how the technology revolution changes the future of the accounting industry.

The aim of this study is to investigate whether the two types of accounting conservatism (conditional and unconditional) mitigate the risk of falling operating cash flows in the presence of cash holdings of Jordanian companies for the period from (2005–2014) for a sample of (160) companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). By using the principle components analysis method in the SPSS system to generate a composite measure for the measurement of the conditional conservatism (CC_CM) consisting of three measures: negative accruals (CC_NACC), current accruals to total accruals (CC_CACC), and accounting conservatism to the good news (CC_ACGN). As well as to generate another composite measure for the measurement of the unconditional conservatism (UC_CM) consisting of three measures: total accrual (UC_TACC), book to market (UC_BTM) ratio, and skewness (UC_Skew). In order to measure the downside risk of operating cash flows, we used the root lower partial moment of operating cash flow (RLPM_OCF). We find that two types of accounting conservatism are significantly positively effect on cash holdings. In addition, we conclude that there is a significantly negatively indirect effect for accounting conservatism on downside risk of operating cash flows in Jordanian companies that have cash holdings. It means that the increasing of the accounting conservatism leads to the increasing of cash holdings, which leads to mitigate the operating cash flows downside risk.

This research aims to gauge the effect of cash holdings on Jordanian companies’ value and to detect whether there is a non-linear association between them. By conducting a multivariate regression on 86 non-financial companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) during the period from 2006 to 2017. The results of the research reveal that there is a significantly positive association between cash holdings and firm value. The study also shows the positive impacts of financial leverage and revenues growth on firm value, while the results show that a size of a company has a negative effect on a value of a company. Moreover, the study notices that there is no optimal level to reserve some cash in order to increase firm value in Jordan. The methodology of the study depends on the work of Martínez-Sola, García-Teruel, and Martínez-Solano (2013) and Nguyen, Nguyen, and Le (2016). This research documents a substantial contribution to the existing research works that investigate the association between cash holdings and firm value in an emerging market like Jordan. Moreover, the findings are recognized to be an interest to policymakers, scholars, and potential investors.