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Background: Diabetes is chronic endocrine/metabolic disease with heterogeneous etiologies, clinical presentations and associated complications.Its biochemical hallmark is hyperglycemia (American Diabetes Association., 2019)caused mainly by insulin deficiency and/or insulin resistance. Aim of the work: To test the validity of procalcitonin versus other sepsis markers in detection of early sepsis in diabetic ketoacidosis patients and it will impact on thyroid function. Patient and methods: This is a study will be performed in the ICU of Minia University Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021. It will include 30 patients aged from 19 to 42 years old admitted in ICU of elminya university hospital who have diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient include 15 male and 15 female. DKA will be defined as a glucose concentration>300mg/dL, pH≤7.25 or a serum bicarbonate concentration<15mmol/L, and the presence of ketones acetoacetate(either in the blood or the urine). Results: This case control study was performed in the ICU of Minia University Hospital from May 2020 to May 2021. It included 30 DKA patients admitted to ICU of Minia University hospital and 30 controls. The patients age ranged from 19 to 42 years old and included 15 males and 15 females. Table 1 shows clinical and demographic data of studied groups.

This paper introduces a newly modified forced oilcooling system, which comprises bypass filter (BPF). The BPF has been introduced in such a way that its intake oil is the hot oil from the transformer top and to deliver it at the inlet of the oil-circulating pump. This system has been used for two transformers. Periodical measurements of the physical, chemical, and electrical transformer oil characteristics by standard testing methods before BPF operation, in operation and after stopping its operation in the transformer have been carried out. Before BPF operation, the results revealed that these characteristics are continuously deteriorating with the increase in transformer oil service period. However, when BPF is in operation, this deterioration not only has been reduced but also some of the characteristics have been improved. After the operation of BPF has been stopped, some of the characteristics resumed their deterioration. However, the rates by which these characteristics are deteriorating are noticeably smaller than their initial values. The deteriorated transformer oil characteristics (without installation of BPF) have been predicted by polynomial regression, multiple linear regression, and general linear multiple regression models. The efficiency and feasibility of the new cooling system in preserving in-service transformer oil characteristics have been proved and justified by quantitative evaluation of the measured and theoretically predicted deteriorated (without installation of BPF) characteristics.

The association between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, vitamin (D) deficiency and development of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients