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Patient: Male, 37-year-old Final Diagnosis: Rat bite fever Symptoms: Acute gastroenteritis • fever • headache • loose stools • vomiting Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Critical Care Medicine • Dermatology • Infectious Diseases • Public Health Objective: Rare disease Background: Rat bite fever (RBF) is a rare but fatal zoonotic disease caused by infections with various bacteria, which are transmitted from rats or other rodents. Only a few patients worldwide are diagnosed with RBF annually. RBF can be fatal if left untreated, with a mortality rate of about 10% in patients with severe RBF. Case Report: A case 37-year-old previously healthy man presented to the emergency department with acute gastroenteritis, sepsis and multi-organ failure requiring ventilatory support. He was later diagnosed with RBF due to Streptobacillus moniliformis . He recovered rapidly after administration of intravenous penicillin G and was discharged from the hospital 10 days later. Conclusions: This report describes a patient with RBF and multi-organ involvement requiring ventilatory support. He was successfully treated with intravenous penicillin G. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient from Qatar with RBF.