What are the novel findings of this work? Preterm delivery occurred in a higher proportion of women with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the PAN-COVID and AAP-SONPM registries compared to contemporaneous and historical national data from uninfected women in the UK and USA. The majority of preterm deliveries occurred between 32 + 0 and 36 + 6 weeks' gestation. SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy did not appear to be associated with a clinically significant effect on fetal growth, adverse neonatal outcome or the rate of stillbirth. Although maternal death was uncommon, the rate was higher than expected based on UK and USA population data, which is likely explained by underascertainment of women affected by milder or asymptomatic infection in pregnancy in the PAN-COVID study, although not in the AAP-SONPM study. What are the clinical implications of this work? Pregnant women should be counseled that SARS-CoV-2 infection increases the risk of preterm delivery but not stillbirth, early neonatal death or a small baby. Healthcare providers should recommend SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnant women and women planning pregnancy, alongside enhanced social distancing.

Objective Longitudinal follow-up of neurocognitive functioning in people with pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) was conducted to characterize the developmental trajectory of cognitive disabilities in this disorder. Method Patients with PBD (n = 26) and controls (HC; n = 17; mean age 11.66 ± 2.70 years) completed cognitive testing at baseline and then again at a 3-year follow-up. Groups were matched at baseline on age, sex, race, parental socioeconomic status, general intelligence, and single-word reading ability. The PBD group received treatment guided by a standardized medication algorithm during the 3-year period. A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered to assess attention, executive function, working memory, verbal memory, visual memory, and visuospatial perception at baseline and follow-up. Results At baseline and follow-up, the patients showed deficits in all of the examined domains. At 3-year follow-up, developmental progress in executive functions and verbal memory was significantly less in the patients with PBD than in the HC. Improvement on attention, working memory, visual memory, and visuospatial perception tasks in the patients with PBD was comparable to that of the HC, but the patients with PBD remained impaired in all domains relative to the HC. Conclusions The developmental delay in some neurocognitive functioning in PBD suggests that the illness disrupts cognitive development with potential lifelong implications for reduced functional ability. Treating bipolar symptoms does not seem to prevent the lag in cognitive development. This dysmaturation may be a direct effect of the illness on brain function, or it may represent indirect consequences of psychopathology or medications on cognitive development.

American Indian (AI) youth experience significant mental health disparities. The majority of AI youth live in urban areas, yet urban AI youth are underserved and unstudied. This manuscript describes a qualitative study of community mental health needs in an urban population of AI youth, conducted as part of the planning process for a system of care (SOC). Participants included 107 urban AI youth and families that participated in one of 16 focus groups assessing mental health needs and services. Forty-one percent of participants were youth or young adults. Data were coded and analyzed using qualitative software and then further analyzed and interpreted in partnership with a community research workgroup. Results indicated various community characteristics, mental health and wellness needs, and service system needs relevant to developing a system of care in this community. Key community, cultural, and social processes also emerged, reinforcing the importance of broader system changes to promote a sustainable SOC. These systems/policy changes are reviewed in the context of previous literature proposing necessary systems change to support behavioral health care in AI communities as well as to ensure that SOC implementation is consistent with core values and philosophy across all communities.

Contemporary developments in the management of chronic diseases such as diabetes and asthma offer possibilities for optimal control, but patients increasingly need to take on responsibilities for self care. Health professionals require comprehensive assessments of outcome that include data reflecting patients' perceptions of their disorder and its management. Disease-specific, patient-centered questionnaires for evaluation of adults' health-related quality of life are available for diabetes and asthma. Little progress is evident in relation to pediatric instruments. This paper describes the development of such an instrument for measurement of 8- to 11-year-olds' perceptions of their asthma--the CAQ-B Psychometric characteristics of the CAQ-B are reported: principal axis factor analysis resulted in the derivation of four subscales reflecting children's perceptions of both active and passive aspects of living with asthma, together with their perceptions of its severity and any associated distress. Preliminary explorations with CAQ-B included comparisons of parents', doctors', and children's ratings of severity; comparisons of data from asthmatic and nonasthmatic children; comparisons of data from boys and girls.

Objective Previous studies have found that family-based psychosocial treatments are effective adjuncts to pharmacotherapy among adults and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD). The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of adjunctive Child- and Family-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CFF-CBT) to psychotherapy as usual (control) for mood symptom severity and global functioning in children with BD. Method Sixty-nine youth, aged 7–13 (M = 9.19, SD = 1.61) with DSM-IV-TR bipolar I, II, or not otherwise specified (NOS) disorder were randomly assigned to CFF-CBT or control groups. Both treatments consisted of 12 weekly sessions followed by 6 monthly booster sessions delivered over a total of 9 months. Independent evaluators assessed participants at baseline, week 4, week 8, week 12 (posttreatment), and week 39 (6-month follow-up). Results Participants in CFF-CBT attended more sessions, were less likely to drop out, and reported greater satisfaction with treatment than controls. CFF-CBT demonstrated efficacy compared to the control in reducing parent-reported mania at posttreatment and depression symptoms at posttreatment and follow-up. Global functioning did not differ at posttreatment but was higher among CFF-CBT participants at follow-up. Conclusion CFF-CBT may be efficacious in reducing acute mood symptoms and improving long-term psychosocial functioning among children with BD.