Objetivo O estudo objetivou-se a fazer um rastreio cognitivo nos pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), a fim de determinar pontos de corte de acordo com a idade, escolaridade e grau de comprometimento neurológico. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo transversal no qual participaram 109 pacientes ambulatoriais, sendo 61 homens, com média da idade de 59 anos (± 11), média do tempo de escolaridade de 5 anos (± 4) e do tempo de sequela de 16 meses (± 14). Os pacientes foram avaliados por meio do Miniexame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e pela National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Os dados foram analisados pela regressão linear múltipla (stepwise forward). Resultados Verificou-se que as variáveis grau de comprometimento neurológico, idade e escolaridade contribuíram significativamente para o valor global do MEEM e explicaram a variância do estado cognitivo (R2 ajustado = 0,24). Cada aumento do comprometimento neurológico representou diminuição de 0,456 no escore do MEEM. Quanto maior a idade, ocorreu uma diminuição de 0,202 no MEEM, e à medida que diminui o tempo de escolaridade, houve uma diminuição de 0,190 no MEEM. Os pontos de corte variaram de 14 a 22 de acordo com o grau de comprometimento neurológico, idade e escolaridade. Conclusão Os resultados apontaram que, por meio do rastreio positivo de déficit cognitivo, foram encontrados pontos de corte associados ao comprometimento neurológico, necessitando também serem ajustados pela idade e escolaridade, sugerindo que essas associações sejam preferencialmente levadas em consideração na planificação da reabilitação neuropsicológica dos pacientes com AVC.
BACKGROUND: Functional autonomy and social inclusion are of key importance for stroke patient's rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate activity and participation of chronic stroke patients by means of basic (BADL), instrumental (IADL) and social (SADL) activities of daily living. METHODS: Forty individuals, 24 patients and 16 healthy individuals fill in a functional activities habits questionnaire. RESULTS: Regarding BADL, 25% of the patients did not get out of bed and 70.8% did not use toilet by themselves. Considering IADL, 29.2% of the patients did not dial the telephone, 70.8% did not wash dishes and clothes, 58.3% did not cook, 100% did not sew, 87.5% did not carry out repairs, 41.7% did not go to the bank, 54.2% did not shop and 45.8% did not write (all p < 0.05). Regarding SADL, 87.5% of the patients were not working professionally, 41.7% did not visit friends or relatives, 75% did not travel and go to the beach and 95.8% did not dance (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Chronic stroke patients have limitations in activity and restrictions to participation, even after few years of stroke onset, particularly regarding applying knowledge, use of communication devices, domestic life, major life areas and community, social and civic life.
ABStRAct:In clinical practice, the physical therapist often evaluates and programs the patient's treatment without taking into account the temporal variation of functions and behaviors. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of the chronotype (morning type -evening type), sleep-wake state (sleep quality and excessive sleepiness) and lifestyle regularity in determining the preferred time of day for physical and mental activities following stroke. Participants responded to the MorningnessEveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Social Rhythm Metric (SRM). The subjects were asked at what time of day they preferred to perform physical (exercises) and mental (tasks of reasoning) activities, considering only their well-being. A total of 42 patients (61±9 years) in the chronic stage after stroke (18±21 months) and 12 healthy individuals took part in the study. The data were analyzed using the χ 2 test and multiple regression. Among the patients evaluated, 64% had poor sleep quality, 43% excessive sleepiness and 57% an irregular daily routine. Regression analysis showed that chronotype was the only factor studied that influenced the preferred time of day for the activities. The results indicate the need for the physical therapist to analyze how chronotype can affect patient performance before establishing time of day of the physical therapy sessions.
Introdução: O Acidente Vascular Cerebral éum importante problema de saúde pública. Uma parcela significativa dos óbitos e das sequelas graves poderiam ser evitadas com medidas preventivas ou com prestação de socorro de forma correta e rápida. Objetivo: Avaliar os pacientes com Acidente Vascular Cerebral na chegada ao hospital público e verificar as condutas adotadas no primeiro atendimento. Método: Participaram do estudo 433 pacientes, os quais foram avaliados através do instrumento Step 1. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste Qui-quadrado. Resultados: Verificou-se maior frequência de casos na faixa etária de 70 a 89 anos (40,9%) (p= 0,001) e de indivíduos sem escolaridade (41,2%) (p= 0,001). Os pacientes chegaram ao hospital dentro de 24 h do início da doença (63,3%) (p= 0,001) e o tempo de realização do primeiro exame também se deu dentro de 24 horas (85,9%) (p = 0,001). Conclusão: A idade elevada, a baixa escolaridade e o tempo de chegada ao hospital sugerem que os pacientes podem não estar dentro dos requisitos da janela temporal para o planejamento terapêutico, o que pode indicar a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento da rede SUS.
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