Studies have suggested that total energy intake and diet composition affect lifespan and ageing. A high-fat diet induces oxidative stress and affects the development of diseases. In contrast, antioxidants are capable of reducing its harmful effects. Yerba mate beverages are an important source of antioxidants, but there is scarce knowledge about their effects on suppressing fat accumulation. Here, we investigated the compounds present in yerba mate extracts and assessed their effects on Drosophila melanogaster given a high cholesterol diet. LS-ESI-MS analysis showed the presence of matesaponins, phenolic compounds and methylxanthines in all of the examined extracts. In Drosophila, under extract treatment conditions, the mean lifespan was significantly extended from 38 to 43 days, there was an increase in the ability to support induced stress and decrease in lipid peroxidation products. Moreover, yerba mate extracts recovered the glutathione S-transferases (GST) activity and reduced the cholesterol level. Taken together, our results support that extracts can extend lifespan by reducing the detrimental effect of a high-fat diet in D. melanogaster, and this outcome can be associated with the compound content in the extracts. This study improves the understanding of natural interventions that reduce stress-induced oxidative damage, which is fundamental in promoting healthy ageing.

Objetivou-se identificar a prevalência e fatores associados à não adesão a medicamentos psicofármacos entre usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial. Trata-se de estudo transversal, aninhado a uma coorte prospectiva com 563 usuários dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial de Pelotas. Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares e aplicados dois questionários. A prevalência da falta de adesão foi de 32%, sem diferença significativa de acordo com gênero, renda, tempo de doença, diagnóstico e tipo de medicamento. Indivíduos jovens, com maior escolaridade, com companheiro, com menor frequência aos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial e com efeitos adversos, foram menos aderentes ao tratamento. A falta de adesão dos participantes está principalmente relacionada aos efeitos adversos. As políticas de saúde precisam dedicar-se ao enfrentamento desse problema, propondo novas estratégias de adesão aos tratamentos.

Cardiopulmonary arrest is a medical emergency in which the lapse of time between event onset and the initiation of measures of basic and advanced support, as well as the correct care based on specific protocols for each clinical situation, constitute decisive factors for a successful therapy. Cardiopulmonary arrest care cannot be restricted to the hospital setting because of its fulminant nature. This necessitates the creation of new concepts, strategies and structures, such as the concept of life chain, cardiopulmonary resuscitation courses for professionals who work in emergency medical services, the automated external defibrillator, the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and mobile intensive care units, among others. New concepts, strategies and structures motivated by new advances have also modified the treatment and improved the results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the hospital setting. Among them, we can cite the concept of cerebral resuscitation, the application of the life chain, the creation of the universal life support algorithm, the adjust-ment of drug doses, new techniques--measure of the end-tidal carbon dioxide levels and of the coronary perfusion pressure--and new drugs under research.

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Atividade antioxidante da farinha de couve manteiga e seu efeito nos parâmetros bioquímicos em Drosophila Melanogaster Antioxidant activity of butter kale flour and its effect on biochemical parameters in Drosophila Melanogaster