The phenology of two types of plants growing in a mediterranean-type climate with a clear Atlantic influence was investigated. The types correspond to two different successional stages in garrigue and maquis formations in Serra da Arrábida. For the earlier successional stages, four species of Cistus as obligatory seeders were studied : C. salvifolius, C. albidus, C. monspeliensis and C. ladanifer ; for later successional stages a sclerophyll evergreen was studied - Pistacia lentiscus. The observations, carried out at different stages of the annual cycle allowed both the characterization of growth patterns and a better understanding of the adaptive value of survival strategies in both types of plants. Differences in phenology, such as seasonal changes in shoot elongation, mean number of leaves per shoot and leaf survival were analyzed. The Cistus spp. studied were similar in their growth, flowering and fruiting phenology, showing a long period of leaf emergence. Their leaves were short-lived and appeared in early fall. On the other hand, P. lentiscus showed a flush-type leaf emergence and an almost simultaneous leaf fall. Its leaves appeared earlier in spring and lived longer. Fruit maturation in Cistus occurred immediately after flowering, while in P. lentiscus it happened in the following winter. P. lentiscus showed lower leaf nitrogen contents than Cistus species, with minimum values in winter, when Cistus species had the highest concentrations of this nutrient.

ResumoA Escala de Ansiedade Social para Crianças (forma revista) -SASC-R destina-se a avaliar as experiências de ansiedade social e de evitamento das crianças e pré-adolescentes no contexto das relações com os pares. Neste estudo, pretende-se validar para a população portuguesa a SASC-R, utilizando a estrutura proposta pelos autores da escala original, através da análise fatorial confi rmatória (AFC). Procedemos à aplicação da SASC-R numa amostra de 486 crianças entre os 9 e os 15 anos. Os resultados indicam que a escala replica os fatores da versão original, possui boa consistência interna e uma validade de constructo bastante satisfatória. Este estudo sugere que a SASC-R é uma escala útil na avaliação da ansiedade social em crianças. Palavras-chave: Ansiedade social, fobia social, avaliação psicológica, crianças/pré-adolescentes, validação. AbstractThe Social Anxiety Scale for Children (revised form) -SASC-R evaluates the experience of social anxiety and avoidance felt by children and pre-adolescents in the context of relationship with their peers. This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the SASC-R by confi rmatory factor analysis using the structure proposed by the authors of the original scale. In a survey donewith 486 children between the ages of nine and 15 years, the results show that the scale reproduces the original factors, has a good internal consistency and a quite satisfactory construct validity. This study suggests that the SASC-R is a useful scale on the evaluation of social anxiety among children.

Leprosy is an infectious condition that has a chronic evolution caused by the Mycobacterium leprae. It very often attacks the nasal cavities mucosa independent of its clinical form, even before skin lesions or lesions to other parts of the body arise, in the presence or not of clinical complaints. Aim: To show the efficiency of nasal endoscopy to identify endonasal mucosa lesions and the importance of the Otorhinolaryngologist in the diagnosis and follow-up of Leprosy patients. Study Design: Clinical history study. Material and Method: a historic study was performed with 173 patient's records without previous treatment from 1990 to 2000 at the Otorhinolaryngology Services, Instituto de Pesquisas Clinicas Hospital Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz. Results: All of the patients showed nasal lesions, 121 with and 52 without clinical complaints. Discussion: Nasal cavities endoscopy exam enabled early identification of the mucosa alteration in Leprosy patients as well as how to identify the evolution of the lesions. This type of exam also helps to establish local treatment. Conclusion: The evaluation and follow-up of Leprosy patients by the Otorhinolaryngologist in a multidisciplinary team are justified and offer the patient early diagnosis and specific treatment.

The evaluation and follow-up of Leprosy patients by the Otorhinolaryngologist in a multidisciplinary team are justified and offer the patient early diagnosis and specific treatment.

This article examines the historical processes that shaped the development of archaeological practice in Angola during the Portuguese colonial period and the aftermath of political independence. Using published works, unpublished reports, and photographic records, we examine the research themes, actors, scholars, and institutions that influenced archaeological research in the country. We also used documents and museum collections in Angola and Portugal to create a GIS database of Angola's archaeological findings. This study highlights the events, personalities, and priorities that motivated earlier investigations, and the geographical distribution of prehistoric sites. We hope this study will be a resource for guiding future archaeological research in Angola.Résumé Cet article examine les processus historiques qui ont façonné le développement de la pratique archéologique en Angola pendant la période coloniale portugaise et par la suite de l'indépendance politique. À l'aide d'ouvrages publiés, de rapports non publiés et de documents photographiques, nous examinons les thèmes de recherche, les acteurs, les chercheurs et les institutions qui ont influencé la recherche archéologique dans le pays. Nous avons également utilisé des documents et des collections muséales dans diverses institutions en Angola et au Portugal pour créer une base de données SIG des découvertes archéologiques de l'Angola. Cette étude met en évidence les événements, les personnalités et les priorités qui ont motivé des enquêtes antérieures, et la Afr Archaeol Rev