The present study investigated the occurrence of intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) in newborn (n=40) and 150-day-old (n=240) pigs of different birthweight ranges (high, HW: 1.8-2.2kg; low, LW: 0.8-1.2kg) from higher-parity commercial sows and its impact on their subsequent development and carcass traits in a Brazilian commercial production system. HW newborn pigs had heavier organs than LW pigs (P<0.01), and all brain:organ weight ratios were higher (P<0.01) in LW compared with HW offspring, providing strong evidence of IUGR in the LW piglets. HW pigs had higher bodyweights and average daily gain (ADG) in all phases of production (P<0.05), but ADG in the finisher phase was similar in both groups. Additionally, LW newborn and 150-day-old pigs showed a lower percentage of muscle fibres and a higher percentage of connective tissue in the semitendinosus muscle, greater fibre number per mm(2) and a lower height of the duodenal mucosa (P<0.05). On the other hand, HW pigs had higher hot carcass weight, meat content in the carcass and yield of ham, shoulder and belly (P<0.01). Hence, lower-birthweight piglets may suffer from IUGR, which impairs their growth performance, muscle accretion, duodenal mucosa morphology and carcass traits.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether fatty acid (FA) profile, oxidative stability of lipids and other meat quality traits differed between high (HW: 1.8 to 2.2 kg) and low (LW: 0.8 to 1.2 kg) birth weight piglets. Forty new-born male pigs (n = 20 HW, n = 20 LW) were reared in separate pens until the finishing period, when they were slaughtered at 150 days of age, and pH and temperature were measured in the carcass. Afterwards, the Longissimus dorsi muscle was excised from the carcass, and samples were collected for subsequent meat quality analyses (thaw loss, cooking loss, shear force, chemical analysis and sensory analysis for tenderness). Birth weight had minor impacts on meat quality traits, which were limited to higher shear force in the LW group ( P < 0.01). Chemical components (moisture, protein, fat, ash), cholesterol levels and lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances) were not affected by birth weight ( P > 0.05). FA profile and the amount of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were similar, but HW pigs had higher atherogenic index than their LW counterparts ( P < 0.01). Notwithstanding the higher shear force presented by the lower birth weight pigs, in the sensory test, the panelists did not detect any differences in the tenderness of pork from HW and LW animals. Therefore, our results suggest that low birth weight has minimal impact on meat quality.
A determinação precisa e acurada da concentração espermática do ejaculado suíno é importante na produção de doses inseminantes com um número determinado de espermatozóides. O objetivo do trabalho foi comparar a eficiência de algumas técnicas de mensuração da concentração espermática no sêmen e determinar equações de predição, estabelecendo uma correlação entre elas. Foram coletados 93 ejaculados que tiveram as concentrações espermáticas determinadas de forma direta (câmara de Neubauer, CN) ou indireta (espermiodensímetro, ED e espectrofotômetro, EF). Foi utilizado um delineamento em blocos casualizados, com 93 repetições e duas análises por parcela experimental. Os valores foram submetidos à análise de variância, as médias submetidas ao teste SNK e os tratamentos interrelacionados pelo ajuste do modelo linear entre os dados (equações de predição). Não houve diferença na determinação da concentração espermática obtida com ED (361,7 x 106 sptz/ml) e EF (343,7 x 106 sptz/ml), porém estes valores foram maiores com relação a CN (245,3 x 106 sptz/ml). As equações obtidas foram: ED= -0,30 [volume (em ml)] + 0,61 EF + 213,47 (R2= 0,72) e ED= -0,50 [volume (ml)] + 0,47 CN (R2= 0,7). As técnicas de mensuração da concentração espermática pelo ED e EF superestimam os valores em relação à CN. Novos estudos devem ser conduzidos para determinar a verdadeira eficiência com que essas técnicas são empregadas a campo.
RESUMO Com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes programas de luz sobre os parâmetros seminais de galos de linhagem semi-pesada, foram utilizados 24 galos da linhagem
RESUMOO experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de testar dois processos de resfriamento de sêmen suíno, analisar o efeito da adição de CaCl 2 ao diluidor BTS e testar o método de avaliação do perfil enzimático da Aspartato Aminotransferase (AAT) sobre a qualidade espermática. Foram utilizados 12 ejaculados suínos de animais procedentes do setor de Suinocultura DZO/UFLA. Estes ejaculados foram diluídos e receberam diferentes concentrações de CaCl 2 (A: 0,0; B: 2,5; C: 5,0 e D: 7,5 mM). As amostras dos ejaculados foram submetidas a três processos de resfriamento (1: convencional 15° C ; 2: lento 15° C/5° C; 3: rápido 5° C), sendo que cada ejaculado ficou armazenado por um período de 72 horas para avaliações da qualidade espermática, constituindo os tratamentos experimentais. Os parâmetros seminais avaliados foram motilidade e vigor espermáticos e perfil enzimático da AAT. Houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) quanto aos níveis de CaCl 2 para o parâmetro de motilidade espermática, sendo que níveis maiores deste sal apresentaram resultados mais favoráveis à motilidade espermática. Para as variáveis vigor espermático e para o perfil da AAT não foi observado efeito da adição deste sal. Quanto ao processo de resfriamento, foi observada diferença significativa (P<0,05) para os parâmetros de motilidade e vigor espermáticos. Para o perfil enzimático não foi observado diferença significativa (P>0,05). Concluise que a adição de CaCl 2 melhora a motilidade espermática das amostras dos ejaculados suínos e que o processo de resfriamento lento substitui o processo convencional sem afetar a qualidade espermática do sêmen submetido à refrigeração. A avaliação da AAT não é válida para sêmen resfriado.Termos para indexação: Sêmen resfriado, suínos, parâmetros espermáticos. ABSTRACTThe study was carried out with objective to test two swine semen cooling processes and verify the effects of adding chloride of calcium (CaCl 2 ) on semen dilutor BTS and also to test the evaluation method of Aspartate Aminotransferase (AAT) enzymatic profile on the cooled swine semen spermatic quality. Were used twelve samples of ejaculation of breeders supplied by the Swine Breeding section at the DZO/UFLA. The samples were diluted and received different concentrations of CaCl 2 (A: 0.0; B: 2.5; C 5.0; D 7.5mM). The samples of ejaculation were submitted to three processes of cooling: 1 standard cooling (15° C); 2 slow cooling (15° C/ 5° C); 3 fast cooling (5° C), and each sample of ejaculation was stored for a period of 72 hours to evaluation of spermatic quality, over all experimental treatments. The seminal parameters evaluated were the spermatic motility and strength and enzymatic profile of the AAT. A meaningful difference was verified (P< 0.05) in the levels of CaCl 2 for the parameters of spermatic motility, high levels of this salt showed better results in this parameter . The variables spermatic strength and AAT profile, shown no effects for any addition of CaCl 2 . For the cooling process, a meaningful difference was verified (P<0.05) in the...
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