O hemangioma é uma neoplasia benigna comum na região de cabeça e pescoço e é caracterizado por uma ploriferação anormal dos vasos sanguíneos, esta neoplasia tem predileção pelo sexo feminino e quando está associada as regiões oral e perioral, podem causar prejuízo estético e funcional a depender de sua localização. O objetivo desse estudo foi apresentar um caso clínico de hemangioma oral, discutir a importância do diagnóstico adequado bem como formas de tratamento para uma intervenção segura e cautelosa dessa patologia. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 54 anos, leucoderma, dona de casa, compareceu a clínica de Odontologia, com queixa principal de lesão enegrecida em lábio inferior e sem comprometimento sistêmico. Sob o procedimento de vitropressão, foi observado isquemia produzida pela placa de vidro e de acordo com a coleção sanguínea em seu interior, foi considerado a hipótese diagnóstica de hemangioma. Observando a natureza vascular do hemangioma foi feito a escolha de não realizar a biópsia devido a grande chance de ocorrer hemorragias. O tratamento realizado por meio de injeção da solução esclerozante de oleato de monoetanolamina promoveu a involução da lesão.
Caregivers of persons with special needs (PSN) experience a variety of burdens and elevated levels of stress and anxiety throughout their lives, leading to a physical, psychological, emotional, social, and financial overload. This analytical study with a cross-sectional design and a quantitative approach aimed to appraise quality of life (QoL), reflecting the daily workload of informal family caregivers of PSN. Methods: Four structured, validated questionnaires were utilised: sociodemographic, WHOQOL-bref, Zarit Burden Interview, and Functional Independence Measure Scale in 60 anonymous volunteered respondents. Results: The informal caregivers were middle-aged mothers (81.7%), married (55%), stay-at-home spouses (60%) with high school degrees (51.6%), providing a care for their relatives with special needs for more than 20 years (41.8%). Most of the PSN were diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD, 61.8%), had a wide spectrum of intellectual deficits, and required constant support for their basic needs. They were mainly adolescent males without physical limitations (83.4%) on disorder-specific medications (90%). The study revealed that those caregivers had a median perception of QoL considering four essential domains, with a highest score recorded for the physical domain (64.3 +/− 16.1 SD). A moderate burden level prevailed, revealing neither a correlation between the workload expressed by caregivers and the patient’s functional capacity, nor in the performance of daily self-care tasks (Spearman correlation test p > 0.05), apart from the environmental domain (mild correlation = 0.335, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The reported average level of overload associated with QoL of informal caregivers exists, affecting a vast proportion of the respondents. The absence of a direct association between workload and the functional capacity/daily self-care tasks can be related to the significant personal dedication of family caregivers, regardless of their socioeconomic status.
O atendimento inicial aos pacientes vítimas de traumas requer agilidade e habilidade por meio de uma equipe altamente capacitada, onde a abordagem seja efetiva, diminuindo os riscos de uma possível evolução ao óbito do paciente. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os conceitos atuais relacionados as abordagens clinicas associadas ao atendimento inicial do paciente politraumatizado. Foi realizada uma revisão literatura integrativa da literatura com o intuito de sintetizar os conhecimentos pertencentes ao tema. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados da Pubmed e Periódicos CAPES entre os anos de 2003 e 2019, tendo como descritores: “Cuidados de Suporte Avançado de Vida no Trauma”, “Mortalidade” e “Traumatismo Múltiplo”. Dezesseis produções científicas que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e foram selecionados. A região da face, por apresentar uma anatomia proeminente, com grande exposição e pouca proteção, acaba sendo a área mais afetada, sendo responsável por 35 a 45% do acometimento em pacientes. O sistema ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life of Support) tem o intuito de esquematizar e padronizar a abordagem inicial ao paciente politraumatizado Dessa forma, é imprescindível um atendimento ágil e efetivo aos pacientes politraumatizados, para que o diagnóstico e tratamento do paciente seja bem-sucedido.
Osteoradionecrosis is the most worrying late complication of radiotherapy with regard to the treatment of neoplasms involving the head and neck region. The aim of the present study is to report the therapeutic approach to mandibular osteoradionecrosis resulting from radiotherapy. Melanoderma patient, 58 years old, had a history of radiotherapy to treat a carcinoma in the oropharynx region. It exhibited bone exposures with necrosis of both hard and soft tissues in the mandibular region. Panoramic radiography and tomography were requested, in which an area was observed in the radiolucent mandible body region on both sides, as well as horizontal and vertical bone loss. The patient was then diagnosed and treated at the Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health together with the Hospital Geral Roberto Santos. The therapeutic modality chosen was complete resection of the mandible, and to date, the patient is being followed up on an outpatient basis to remove the cannula from the tracheostomy and gastrotomy. It is concluded that regions with healing difficulties accompanied by bone destruction after radiotherapy must be carefully investigated for a better prognosis of the disease.
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