INTRODUÇÃO O s acidentes domésticos e de viação são a principal causa de morte e de incapacidade temporária e permanente na idade pediátrica; na sua maioria são previsíveis, sendo dessa forma passíveis de prevenção. 1-3 Apesar de serem uma problemática transversal a nível mundial, existe uma grande variabilidade epidemiológica entre os países, consequente da diversidade de condições de segurança infantil em todo mundo. 2 Na Europa, 42.000 crianças e adolescentes morreram por acidente em 2004 (18,4/100.000): 16.400 (39%)
O estudo analisa a recepção de materiais educativos por portadores de hanseníase atendidos na atenção primária de saúde no município do Rio de Janeiro. Objetiva-se identificar a visão dos pacientes sobre os materiais, os significados e as representações deste grupo sobre a doença. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada em 2008, a qual adotou o referencial da produção social dos sentidos. Foi realizado um grupo focal para análise de vinte materiais destinados à população e aos pacientes. Os pacientes discutiram sobre os sintomas neurológicos, as complicações da doença e seus efeitos na vida das pessoas. Conclui-se que o uso dos materiais educativos nas atividades de grupo no serviço de saúde favorece a melhor compreensão de aspectos clínicos, psicológicos e socioculturais sobre a hanseníase, e contribui para potencializar o diálogo entre usuários e a equipe de saúde.
The objective of this report was to describe the pathological changes in the urinary bladder of female rats naturally infected with Trichosomoides crassicauda. Forty eight 5 to 8 months of age female Wistar rats were studied. At necropsy uroliths were detected in seven animals (14.6%). Among the bladders that contained the parasite only three (6.3%) did not show any significant histological change and were considered normal, but on the contrary, three (6.3%) did contain papillomas and uroliths, four (8.3%) had uroliths associated with epithelial hyperplasia ranging from moderate to severe, and the remaining (79.2%) showed variable degrees of epithelial hyperplasia and inflammation without urolithiasis. It cannot be concluded whether irritation of the epithelium by the parasite itself plays a role in the formation of papillomas. However, the absence of papillomas in animals without uroliths suggests a positive relationship between uroliths and papillomas.
Bladder urothelial papilloma is extremely rare in the paediatric population. It usually presents as painless gross haematuria and its diagnosis implies a high index of suspicion as other causes of haematuria predominate in this age range. We describe a 9-year-old boy with two episodes of gross haematuria occurring 1 year apart with spontaneous resolution after 2 days. Bladder ultrasound revealed an endovesical papillary lesion of 24×24 mm suggestive of bladder tumour. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination of the specimen obtained by cystoscopy with transurethral resection. After 3 years of follow-up with ultrasound and cystoscopy, there are no signs of recurrence. Due to the low prevalence of urothelial papilloma, paediatric guidelines for appropriate management and follow-up are unavailable, making this a challenging entity.
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