Recebido em 18/2/12; aceito em 25/9/12; publicado na web em 23/1/13 BIOACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS AND NUTRIENTS IN THE GOLDEN MUSSEL OF THE RESERVOIR OF THEITAIPU BINATIONAL HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT. This study aims to evaluate the bioaccumulation of macronutrients and heavy metals in the golden mussel according to its collection site and seasonality in the aquaculture area of the reservoir from April/2009 to March/2010. There is no difference (p > 0.05) in the concentration of metals with respect to the point of collection. The concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Pb were higher (p < 0.05) in spring and summer than in fall and winter. Values of the heavy-metal pollution index (MPI) for collection point and seasonality indicate environmental contamination in the aquaculture area.Keywords: trace element; Limnoperna fortunei; pollution index. INTRODUÇÃOO monitoramento da concentração de metais em ambientes aquáticos por meio de organismos vivos tem sido objeto de estudo nos últimos anos. Devido ao crescimento da população mundial, a rápida industrialização, a intensificação da aquicultura e a utilização indiscriminada dos recursos naturais têm gerado aumento nos níveis de poluição ambiental, causando sérios problemas para o ecossistema, principalmente devido à contaminação química.Os moluscos bivalves estão amplamente difundidos e são abundantes em ecossistemas aquáticos, apresentam alta tolerância a vários poluentes, podendo bioacumular e translocar, por meio da cadeia trófica, compostos antropogênicos originados de várias fontes.1 Estes invertebrados respondem sensivelmente aos estímulos ambientais e, por isto, são amplamente utilizados como organismos indicadores de variações no ambiente aquático, pois podem refletir os níveis de contaminantes presentes in loco. 2O Limnoperna fortunei ou mexilhão dourado é um molusco bivalve autóctone de rios e arroios do sudeste da Ásia e passou a ser observado na América do Sul a partir da década de 90, pela introdução não intencional. 3,4 Os primeiros registros deste organismo no Brasil ocorreram em 1998 no Pantanal Matogrossense, incrustado nas embarcações. 5No estado do Paraná sua presença foi relatada em meados de 2002, no Lago de Itaipu no Rio Paraná e, posteriormente, nas usinas hidrelétricas de Ilha Solteira, Jupiá e Porto Primavera. Este molusco invasor se reproduz demasiadamente e em densidades elevadas causa grandes danos econômicos, formando aglomerações que dominam o ambiente invadido, gerando problemas nos sistemas de captação de água, nos sistemas de resfriamento de usina hidrelétrica, motores de embarcações e tubulações. [3][4][5][6] O Limnoperna fortunei pertence à família Mytilidae e assemelha-se ao mexilhão marinho. São organismos bentônicos filtradores que se alimentam de partículas suspensas na água, principalmente fitoplâncton, podendo alterar substancialmente a dinâmica trófica do ecossistema aquático, reduzindo a biomassa vegetal e a quantidade de sólidos suspensos, podendo contribuir para o aumento da transparência da água. 7,8Os moluscos são ca...

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The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant potential of freeze‐dried green tea (GT) in hamburgers (lipid oxidation) and its influence on quality characteristics (composition, colour, texture, pH, microorganisms and sensory acceptance). The total polyphenol (TPC), flavonoid content (FC) and antioxidant activity of GT were also evaluated. Five treatments were used: control—without antioxidant; butylhydroxytoluene (BHT)—with 0.01% of BHT; and with different levels of GT (0.01%, 0.02% and 0.04%). The TPC in GT was 44.31 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, FC was 4.43 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g and also presented a higher antioxidant activity. The GT addition did not influence (p > 0.05) on moisture, protein, lipid, ashes, calories, microorganism counts and shear force of hamburger. Only the b* value (colour) was affected (p < 0.047). GT was more efficient in retarding the hamburger oxidation than BHT (p < 0.05). No influence was also observed on sensory acceptability of hamburger, being the GT a potential substitute for synthetic antioxidant. Practical applications Currently, the use of antioxidants by the industry is done on a large scale, mainly aimed at inhibiting or retarding lipid oxidation, which modify colour, flavour, texture and decrease nutritional quality of food, reducing the acceptability by consumers leading them to reject the product. However, most of these antioxidants are synthetic and many of them are harmful to human health. Thus, this work demonstrates the potential use of a natural antioxidant (green tea) as a substitute for synthetic antioxidant by the food industries.

The aim of this study was to develop a lasagna pasta enriched with dried mix of tuna (30%) and tilapia (70%) and formulate ready lasagna with enriched pasta. Lasagna pasta was elaborated with increasing levels (0, 5, 10 and 15%) of dried mix. Moisture, lipids and calories were not different between the inclusion levels; crude protein and ash increased linearly, carbohydrates reduced linearly, according to increasing levels of inclusion. There was an increase in n-3 and n-6 fatty acids with the inclusion of mix in lasagna. Between lasagna prepared with different sauces (tuna, chicken and bolognese), and pasta with 15% mix, it was observed that tuna lasagna had lower moisture content and higher protein, lipids, ash, carbohydrates and calories. All lasagna showed optimal sensory acceptance, indicating that the inclusion of 15% dried mix of tilapia and tuna in the pasta is feasible to improve the nutritional composition of lasagna.Keywords: fish processing waste; pasta enrichment; Oreochromis niloticus; Thunnus sp.Practical Application: Lasagnas with fish dehydrated mix have high nutritional value and great sensory profile.