No abstract

ResumoO objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o perfil soroepidemiológico da brucelose e leptospirose em equídeos de tração da ilha de Maiandeua, estado do Pará. Em dois períodos distintos, foram colhidas amostras sanguíneas de 52 animais, de ambos os sexos e diferentes idades (2 a 17 anos), totalizando 104 amostras. Para a pesquisa de anticorpo anti-Brucella lisa foi utilizado o teste de soroaglutinação rápida em placa. Na primeira colheita, nenhum animal foi reagente, entretanto na segunda colheita houve três animais sororeagentes. A pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. foi efetuada com o emprego da técnica de soroaglutinação microscópica (SAM), na primeira colheita houve 23,07% animais reagentes e 15,38% na segunda colheita, para um ou mais sorovares de Leptospira spp. com títulos variando de 100 a 200. O sorovar predominante na primeira e segunda colheita foi o Autumnalis com 40% e 37,5% respectivamente. De acordo com a idade, observou-se no grupo 1 (2 a 7 anos) 27,78% e 13,89% nas duas colheitas respectivamente e no grupo 2 (> 7 anos) encontrou-se 12,50% e 18,75% de sororeagentes. Os resultados observados no presente estudo demonstraram que na ilha de Maiandeua, estado do Pará, existe a presença de infecção por Leptospira spp, com o sorovar Autumnalis, o mais frequente, e possível exposição dos animais a Brucela lisa, sugerindo risco baixo de infecção na população de equinos examinada. Palavras-chave: Brucelose, leptospirose, equídeos, ilha de Maiandeua, Algodoal

Abstract We evaluated the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in the serum samples collected from domestic cats in Belém, Pará, Brazil. We also correlated the presence of T. gondii antibodies with environmental variables and cat-owner habits. Four-hundred and forty-seven serum samples from domestic cats were analyzed. The sera were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Among the animals analyzed, 21.92% (98/447) were seropositive. A statistically significant association was found in relation to age and serology among the animals over 1 year old (p<0.01): in the group up to 1 year old, 12.82% (20/156) of the animals were positive, and in the group over 1 year old, 26.80% (78/291) were positive. Our results show that the cats in Belém, Pará region have anti-T. gondii antibodies, and their owners are not aware of toxoplasmosis or how to prevent its transmission.

Glanders is an anthropozoonosis caused by the bacteria Burkholderia mallei, affecting mainly equids. It has been eradicated in North America, Australia, and Western Europe, but continues to occur sporadically in countries in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and South America. Its notification is mandatory by the World Organization for Animal Health. After 30 years, the disease reappeared in Brazil in 1999 and, thereafter, 1,413 outbreaks have been reported. However, the epidemiological situation of the disease in the country is not adequately known. Thus, 2718 animals from 654 properties in the state of Pará were randomly selected by sampling and examined using a serial protocol with Complement Fixation and Western Blot serological tests. The prevalence of properties infected with glanders in the state was estimated at 1.68% [0.84; 3.33] and of seropositive animals at 0.50% [0.27; 0.94]. The introduction of animals was individualized as a risk factor for disease introduction in the properties (OR = 5.9 [1.4; 25.5]). Despite the low prevalence of infected properties and seropositive animals, the state must review actions to fight the disease, considering that the strategies implemented have not affected the endemic balance of the disease. This process must involve all public and private agents interested in the topic.

A survey was conducted on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of Equidae breeders in the municipality of Soure, Marajó Island, Pará, regarding animal health problems in the properties, especially glanders and adoption of sanitary measures that are pertinent to their combat, to elaborate on educational technical material with the appropriate methodology. The study included 50 interviewees from urban and rural areas of this municipality. Regarding data collection, structured interviews containing 22 multiple choice questions on the socioeconomic characteristics of breeders and/or owners of Equidae, breeding habits and models, and conceptions about sanitary control and their relationship with the animal health defense agency were conducted. From the qualitative analysis of data, 66% (33/50) interviewees were identified as literate, which facilitates the choice of the best language to use for communication. Regarding the choice of the best language for the transfer of information, 62% (31/50) interviewees said that a mobile phone is currently the best tool for transmitting information. Further, 40% (20/50) interviewees breed their Equidae extensively, raising an alert for epidemiological surveillance, and only 10% (5/50) interviewees turned to ADEPARÁ when the animals were sick. Based on the study results, Equidae breeders need guidance regarding the actions of the animal health defense services, and sanitary education is a fundamental measure for raising awareness and clarification of glanders to mitigate damage to public health and animal welfare, avoiding its spread in the State.