. 2011. Morfometría geométrica y filogenia en Rhodniini (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) de Venezuela. Acta Zool. Mex. (n. s.), 27(1): 87-102. RESUMEN. La tribu Rhodniini incluye los géneros Rhodnius Stål y Psammolestes Bergroth. Evidencias enzimática y molecular sugieren la monofilia de la tribu. La mayoría de las especies son selváticas encontrándose en palmas y en nidos de aves. Tradicionalmente ambos géneros fueron considerados grupos relacionados; no obstante, estudios moleculares cuestionan la monofilia de Rhodnius. El objetivo fue analizar filogenéticamente la variación morfométrica en la arquitectura alar, como apoyo a la taxonomía y sistemática en Rhodniini. Se fotografiaron 524 alas de cinco representantes de Rhodniini: Psammolestes arthuri (Pinto) (n = 89), Rhodnius pictipes Stål, (n = 21), R. robustus Larrousse (n = 24), R. prolixus Stål, (n = 16) y R. neivai Lent (n = 22). Como grupos externos se estudiaron cuatro representantes de Triatomini: Eratyrus mucronatus Stål (n = 15), Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Champion) (n = 45), P. geniculatus (Latreille) (n = 183) y Triatoma maculata (Erichson) (n = 109). Se registraron configuraciones de coordenadas (x, y) y se alinearon mediante Análisis Generalizado de Procrustes. Se efectuaron Análisis de Covarianza con proporción de grupos re-clasificados y MANOVA. Luego, las variables de la forma alar (intervalos de confianza de las deformaciones relativas) y el tamaño del centroide se analizaron cladísticamente. Los análisis estadísticos de varianza no encontraron diferencias significativas (Kruskal-Wallis) en el tamaño isométrico del ala en las especies P. arthuri -R. neivai -R. pictipes; R. robustus -R. prolixus -T. maculata y entre P. rufotuberculatus -P. geniculatus. La reclasificación a posteriori fue perfecta para E. mucrunatus 100% y R. pictipes, seguidas de T. maculata con 96%, R. neivai 95%, P arthuri 93.2%; R. prolixus 87.5%, P. geniculatus 87.4%, P. rufotuberculatus 84.4%, y R. robustus 76%. Los análisis cladísticos con parsimonia seleccionaron dos árboles de mínima longitud (L = 4.461 IC = 0.973 e IR = 0.979). El consenso estricto muestra la monofilia de Panstrongylus (rufotuberculatus + geniculatus) y Triatoma + Rhodniini (Rhodinus + Psammolestes), pero internamente la parafilia de Rhodnius respecto a Psammolestes. Estos resultados son congruentes con análisis molecu-

Abstract. Ruiz MA, Acosta-López C, Soto-Vivas A. 2021. Short Communication: Morphometric variations in two populations of Limnophora marginata Stein, 1904 (Diptera, Muscidae) in Ecuador. Biodiversitas 22: 2654-2657. Limnophora includes 230 species, eleven of which are present in Ecuador. There are few studies on the bioecology of these species in the country. However, recent studies indicate that Limnophora marginata Stein, 1904 as the most abundant species in the Evergreen High Montane Forest (EHMF) located at 3400 masl in Tocachi parish, in contrast to a low abundance in the Dry Forest (DF) at 2500 masl in Malchingui parish, Pedro Moncayo Canton. This study was described the wing morphogeometric variation of L. marginata associated with these two habitats. Thirty-two wings were photographed: 16 specimens in EHMF and 16 in DF. The coordinates configurations (x,y) were registered and aligned through Generalized Procrustes Analysis. The centroid size between habitats was significantly different (Kruskal-Wallis; p?0.005); EHMF specimens were larger than DF. Reclassification a posteriori was perfect in DF specimens (100%), and almost perfect in EHMF (93.75%). The landmarks that most contributed to the variation between habitats were: Interception between M and wing border, interception dm-cu, and interception between Cu and dm-cu. The wing morphometric variations observed in L. marginata could be associated with phenotypic plasticity.

Four species of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) are reported in four localities in Ecuadorian Amazonia.  Eratyrus mucronatus Stål, 1859, Rhodnius pictipes Stål, 1872 & Panstrongylus geniculatus (Latreille, 1811) in Napo Province, and Rhodnius robustus Larrousse, 1927 in Morona-Santiago Province.   Two specimens of R. pictipes were found in an urban area of Tena City (capital province).  These findings can indicate a risk of Chagas disease transmission in urban and peri-urban areas of the Amazonia.

The Calyptratae are one of the most diverse groups of Diptera.   Some species have immature states involved in the decomposition of organic matter of animal origin (i.e., they are sarcosaprophagous).  In this study, we examined the diversity and synanthropy of sarcosaprophagous calyptrates in several environmental zones of the Ecuadorian Andes.  Captures were performed in an urban zone located in the Tocachi community with monocultures (MC) and polycultures (PC), a rural zone with an agroecological farming system (AFS), and a forest zone with a montane forest located in the Parque Arqueológico Cochasquí (PAC) and the Cochasquí montane forest (CMF).  A total of 2,925 specimens of Calyptratae were collected, representing 38 morphotypes and 17 species.  Four are new reports for Ecuador: Dolichophaonia trigona (Shannon & Del Ponte), Phaonia trispila (Bigot), Compsomyiops melloi Dear, and Calliphora lopesi Mello.  CMF and PAC presented high abundance and richness, followed by AFS, MC, and PC; PAC showed the highest diversity, in contrast to lowest in MC; the evenness decreased from forest to urban zones.  Species that exhibited a preference for human settlements (positive synanthropic index) included Limnophora marginata Stein, Phaonia trispila, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann), Calliphora lopesi, Compsomyiops melloi, and Calliphora nigribasis Macquart.  Those with a preference for uninhabited areas (negative index) included Tricharaea sp1, Sarconesiopsis magellanica (Le Guillou), and Sarconesia chlorogaster (Wiedemann).