The person-centered approach is increasingly recommended in long-term care facilities to increase quality of care. In Quebec, Canada,. caregivers were specifically trained in "relationship-based care. "This study analyzed caregivers' assessment of this approach's usefulness and their capacity, after training, to apply it to care practices. Questionnaires with open-ended questions were administered to caregivers (n= 392) one month after training. Caregivers' answers were categorized using a qualitative approach. Respondents perceive some features of this approach are beyond their reach or in opposition to their beliefs. They reported feeling pressure related to time constraints, their peers and the families of residents. These results indicate that training itself is insufficient to transform practice. Institutions wishing to implement such an approach must also act upon the beliefs of individuals, as well as upon work situations.

De nombreuses sphères de la société font pression sur l’enseignement supérieur pour que les besoins de l’apprenant soient mieux pris en compte. La classe inversée pourrait avoir des impacts positifs tant sur l’apprentissage que sur la satisfaction des apprenants. Cet article a pour but de présenter une vue d’ensemble de la recherche réalisée sur la classe inversée en enseignement supérieur. Une recension des écrits publiés sur une période de 15 ans soit de l’an 2000 à 2015 a été réalisée. Les constats sont présentés en mettant en évidence à la fois les bénéfices et les limites d’une telle approche, du point de vue des étudiants comme des enseignants. Des recommandations pour les enseignants et les institutions d’enseignement supérieur sont ensuite dégagées. Cet article contribue à mieux connaitre la classe inversée, telle qu’elle a été documentée empiriquement, et d’éclairer les praticiens qui souhaiteraient la mobiliser le plus efficacement possible, et ce, peu importe le contexte disciplinaire.

No abstract

IntroductionIn knowledge translation, implementation strategies are more effective in fostering practice change. When using these strategies, however, many determinants, such as individual or organisational factors, influence implementation. Currently, there is a lack of synthesis concerning how these determinants influence knowledge implementation (KI). The aim of this systematic review was to document how determinants influence KI outcomes with occupational therapists.MethodFollowing the PRISMA statement, we systematically reviewed the literature on KI in occupational therapy across 12 databases: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library, FirstSearch, Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, ERIC, Education Source and Sociological Abstracts. Eligible studies reported KI strategies specifically with occupational therapists. Selected studies were appraised for quality with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we categorised reported mentions of CFIR (sub‐)constructs to identify the determinants studied most often, how they were documented and what influence they had on outcomes.ResultsTwenty‐two studies were analysed for this review. CFIR (sub‐)constructs were mentioned 81 times, and seven (sub‐)constructs received at least 5% of these mentions (4/81). These were as follows: (i) Adaptability of the practice; (ii) Learning climate; (iii) Leadership engagement; (iv) Available resources; (v) Knowledge and Beliefs about the Intervention; (vi) Individual Stage of Change; and vii) Executing the KI strategy. The Inner setting domain was the most documented and the domain with the most (sub‐)constructs with at least four mentions (3/7). Most studies used questionnaires as assessment tools, but these were mainly non‐standardised scales. The data were too heterogenous to perform a meta‐analysis.ConclusionSeven (sub‐)constructs mentioned most often would benefit from being assessed for salience by researchers intending to develop a KI strategy for occupational therapists. Future research aimed at improving our understanding of KI should also consider using standardised tools to measure the influence of determinants.

No abstract