The person-centered approach is increasingly recommended in long-term care facilities to increase quality of care. In Quebec, Canada,. caregivers were specifically trained in "relationship-based care. "This study analyzed caregivers' assessment of this approach's usefulness and their capacity, after training, to apply it to care practices. Questionnaires with open-ended questions were administered to caregivers (n= 392) one month after training. Caregivers' answers were categorized using a qualitative approach. Respondents perceive some features of this approach are beyond their reach or in opposition to their beliefs. They reported feeling pressure related to time constraints, their peers and the families of residents. These results indicate that training itself is insufficient to transform practice. Institutions wishing to implement such an approach must also act upon the beliefs of individuals, as well as upon work situations.

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Cet article présente la démarche et l’évaluation d’une intervention participative fondée sur une formation dispensée auprès de groupes Ergo réunissant des cadres et des employés du secteur de la production de métal chaud. La formation portait d’abord sur le diagnostic ergonomique et puis sur la transformation des situations de travail. L’évaluation de type réaliste porte sur le processus et les résultats. Elle montre que la concrétisation des projets d’amélioration dans les usines implique certes des acquis relatifs à l’analyse du travail obtenus par la formation, mais aussi que les participants à la formation détiennent ou développent une connaissance riche des processus de conduite de projets — formels et informels — propres à l’usine.Musculo-skeletal disorders (MSDs) are a growing concern in many workplaces. Certain risk factors present in work activity are known to contribute to such disorders. Examples would include awkward postures and forced and repetitive gestures. An ergonomic analysis of job tasks, including observation of the activity in question, highlights the presence of risk factors and helps in understanding the determinants of MSDs. Changes can then be made to the determinants, thus reducing the risk factors.The action research program reported in this article was carried out over a period of 24 months by a team composed of four ergonomists and one sociologist. The implementation process was documented in various contexts, and the results were assessed using a realistic approach. The intervention program, implemented in two factories, was divided into three components : mobilization, training and action.Mobilization. Two main activities were carried out to obtain the company’s commitment to the project : first, a structure for the intervention was set up ; second, information was circulated throughout the company on both the program and its implementation. For each factory, the intervention structure was composed of Ergo groups that became the main players in the process, together with a steering committee that served as an interface between the research team, the Ergo groups and the company. The members of the Ergo groups were selected to complement one another. For example, a group would be composed of a production employee, a maintenance employee, a first level manager (e.g. supervisor), a technical officer (a technician or engineer) and a health and safety officer (physician, prevention officer or workplace health and safety consultant). The Ergo group members attended training given by the ergonomists and were involved in a set of actions ranging from the selection of a working situation in which MSD risk factors were present, to diagnosis and then to the implementation of projects for change.Training. Training was given to the seven Ergo groups (four in factory A and three in Factory B). It was divided into four two-day units comprising theoretical sessions and practical work, and was spread over a period of six months. The group members met between the units to do their practical work. The...

Perspectives interdisciplinaires sur le travail et la santé 2-1 | 2000 À la rencontre Démarches d'ergonomie participative pour réduire les risques de troubles musculosquelettiques : bilan et réflexions Participatory Ergonomics Procedures to Reduce the Risks of Musculo-skeletal Disorders : Review and Reflections Enfoques de ergonomía participativa para reducir los riesgos de trastornos musculoesqueléticos : balance y reflexiones