Background: Chronic constipation is a common condition that significantly impacts health care utilization, productivity, and quality of life. Laxatives are commonly used, although often insufficient in restoring normal bowel function or providing adequate relief. There remains a significant need for the development of novel agents to optimize treatment of this condition. Prucalopride, a selective, high-affinity 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor agonist, stimulates gastrointestinal and colonic motility and alleviates common symptoms of chronic constipation. Here authors are evaluating efficacy and safety study of this drug in chronic constipation patient.Methods: This is a prospective observational study where chronic constipation patient treated with prucalopride 2 mg daily once were enrolled during 6 month period. Data at one week and four weeks were observed along with adverse effects. Efficacy assessed by the number of Spontaneous Complete Bowel Movements (SCBMs) per week recorded by patient diaries. Patients were defined as responders when they had a mean of three or more SCBMs per week over the whole treatment period. The primary efficacy end point was proportion of responders after 1 week and after 4 weeks of treatment.Results: A total of 43 patients diagnosed with chronic constipation and treated with prucalopride were included in study. The proportions of patients in the present study with at least three SCBMs per week (responders) were 44.2% (19 out of 43 patients) at 1 week and 46.5% (20 out of 43 patients) at 4 weeks. Treatment was well tolerated with minimal side effects. Common adverse effects reported in our study were gastrointestinal disorders like diarrhea, nausea and abdominal pain and nervous system disorders like headache and dizziness.Conclusions: Prucalopride is effective, has a good safety profile, and is well tolerated in chronic constipation treatment.

Pseudomonas and Klebsiella species are the leading causes of neonatal sepsis hence the present study was undertaken to describe the role of Pseudomonas and Klebsiella in neonatal septicemia along with ABSTRACT Background: Neonatal sepsis being one of the major causes for mortality and morbidity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), inadvertent use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug resistant. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted between May 2015 to July 2015 in NICU at BTGH. 3 months lab reports were analysed for growth and sensitivity and resistance pattern of commonly used antibiotics. Results: Among 75 cases sent for lab investigation, 58 blood cultures were positive for sepsis and showed growth on culture plate of which 13 (22.4%) were positive for pseudomonas and 19 (32.7%) positive for klebsiella. Meropenem 13 (100%) Piperacillin+TZ and Ceftazidime both 11 (84.6%) were highly sensitive for pseudomonas while Meropenem 18 (94.7%) and Imipenem 12 (63.15%) were highly sensitive for klebsiella. Amoxicillin showed highest resistance for both the pathogens. Conclusions:The results obtained from this study done to evaluate the pattern of antibiotic sensitivity and resistance for neonatal sepsis in klebsiella and pseudomonas isolated pathogens showed that Meropenem as highly sensitive antibiotic and Amoxicillin as highly resistant antibiotic, hence they must be judiciously used to minimize the morbidity and mortality and also to reduce the emergence of multidrug resistant organisms in NICU.

Background: Infectious diseases represent a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Irrational use of antibiotics can cause increase adverse drug reaction, leading to antibiotic resistance and increase in the treatment cost. Hence pattern of use of antibiotics need to be studied, therefore the aim of our study is to observe the antibiotics prescription pattern and drug utilization in department of medicine indoor patients at our tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out among indoor patients admitted in medicine ward and was conducted between January 2018 to March 2018 in Basaveshwara Teaching and General Hospital attached to M.R. Medical College, Kalaburagi. The data that was obtained was analysed and presented as percentages using descriptive statistics.Results: 100 patients were enrolled. The main reasons for admission were for diagnosis of respiratory tract infection (36%), GIT disorders (24%), Zoonotic disease (10%), Urinary tract infection (19%) and viral fever (11%). Most common antibiotic prescribed was ceftriaxone (40%), followed by piperacillin (26%). Average number of antibiotics per prescription was 1.7.Conclusions: For a wide spectrum of clinical diagnoses variety of drugs were utilized from various drug classes. Results showed that Cephalosporin was extensively used. As antibiotics are most commonly prescribed drugs and report of misuse is not uncommon so proper strategy like educational intervention and antibiotic policy are necessary to control this.

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