the nephrectomy specimen received in the department over a period of three years (January, 2013 to December 2015 were included. A total of 34 cases of nephrectomy specimen were studied during this period.Patients details were noted, which includes age, sex, clinical findings and radiological investigations. This is a retrospective study, so all nephrectomy cases were taken out from the records ABSTRACTIntroduction: Nephrectomy is a common procedure in urological practice done for various conditions like calculi, chronic pyelonephritis, malignancy, obstruction, injury, etc with wide range of morbidity and mortality. In our country there is increased in number of end stage renal disease treated with dialysis and transplantation. So it is mandatory to study the spectrum of renal disease with special emphasis on Chronic pyelonephritis. Methods:This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidhyapeeth University, Pondicherry. All the nephrectomy specimen received in the department over a period of three years (January, 2013 to December 2015) were included. A total of 34 cases of nephrectomy specimen were studied during this period.Results: Out of 34 cases of nephrectomy, 24 were done for inflammatory lesions, 8 cases for tumor and 2 cases shows cystic lesion. Out of 24 cases of pyelonephritis, 6 cases were associated with nephrolithiasis. Out of 8 tumor cases, 6 cases were Renal cell carcinoma. Conclusion:To conclude, Nephrectomies is mostly done for non-neoplastic lesion. CPN also seems to be associated with various findings like pyonephrosis, calculi, malignancies etc. Hence it is mandatory to study each CPN case in detail along with clinical and radiological findings.