A decrease in the elastic modulus and yield strength due to the creep process is the changes contained in the material that is burning. One strategy to counter this is by using passive fire protection systems. The system is built into the structure to control the fire by using building materials and does not require any special operations in the event of a fire. This study is a review of a new study of passive fire protection systems. This research report contains a review regarding the preliminary study of the manufacture of fireproof new materials from industrial waste that is economical and environmentally friendly. Manufacture of new materials is made to overcome deficiencies in fire-resistant material that exists today. The purpose of this study is to analyze experimental factors, which are influence the making of experimental new fireproof material that is smart and innovative materials for civil engineering. Geopolimerization method that is used in this study comes from the development of brick manufacturing method as one of the fire-resistant material that exists today. The main results of this study are the major factors that influence the making of pasta geopolymer as passive fire protection. The discussion will be related to the elements of determinant manufacture of fire-resistant geopolymer paste. The conclusion is factors that supporting the manufacture of new fire-resistant material with geopolymer method.

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AbstrakStruktur flat slab digunakan secara luas pada bangunan gedung karena beberapa kelebihan dalam aspek struktural maupun arsitektural. Disamping kelebihan tersebut, terdapat kelemahan yang mengakibatkan perilaku yang tidak ideal pada saat struktur menerima kombinasi beban gravitasi dan lateral. Kelemahan tersebut terdapat pada hubungan pelat-kolom, dimana tegangan lentur dan geser terakumulasi sebagai resultan dari beban gravitasi dan momen tak imbang yang disebabkan oleh beban lateral seperti halnya gempa. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, terutama di daerah gempa potensial seperti halnya sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk meningkatkan perilaku hubungan pelat-kolom. Tulisan ini melaporkan hasil penelitian yang dilaksanakan dengan tiga benda uji berskala 1:2 dari model hubungan pelat-kolom interior yang dirancang dengan ukuran, material, dan detail yang sama, kecuali detail tulangan gesernya. Benda uji pertama, yang digunakan sebagai spesimen kontrol, menggunakan stud rail standar yang dirancang dengan mengacu standar ACI. Benda uji kedua dan ketiga menggunakan stud rail dengan modifikasi detail. Semua benda uji diuji dengan beban gravitasi konstan yang dimodelkan dengan blok-blok beton dan simpangan lateral siklis yang mencakup respon elastis sampai inelastis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modifikasi stud rail secara signifikan meningkatkan perilaku hubungan pelat-kolom khususnya dalam hal kekakuan dan disipasi energi. Kata-kata Kunci:Hubungan pelat-kolom, stud rail, beban gravitasi, beban lateral. AbstractFlat slab structures are widely used for buildings because of its advantages both in structural and architectural aspects. Besides its advantages, there is a weakness leads to a poor structural behavior under combined gravity and lateral load. The weakness is concentrated in slab-column connections, where flexural and shear stresses are accumulated as a resultant of gravity load and unbalanced moment caused by lateral load such as earthquake. To solve the problem, especially in potential earthquake zone such as most of the Indonesia region, it is necessary to conduct researches to improve slab-column connections behavior. This paper reports the result of research conducted using three specimens of half scaled interior slab-column connection sub-assemblages designed using simillar dimensions, materials, and details, except the shear reinforcement details. The first specimen, constructed as a control specimen, used standard stud rails designed to comply with ACI codes. The second and third specimens used modified stud rail details. All specimens were subjected to a constant gravity load simulated by concrete blocks and cyclic lateral displacements ranging from elastic to inelastic responses. The experimental results show that modification of the stud rails significantly improves the specimen behavior especially the stiffness and energy dissipation.