The detection of influenza A virions with a nanoribbon detector (NR detector) has been demonstrated. Chips for the detector have been fabricated based on silicon-on-insulator nanoribbon structures (SOI nanoribbon chip), using a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible technology—by means of gas-phase etching and standard optical photolithography. The surface of the SOI nanoribbon chip contains a matrix of 10 nanoribbon (NR) sensor elements. SOI nanoribbon chips of n-type conductance have been used for this study. For biospecific detection of target particles, antibodies against influenza virus have been covalently immobilized onto NRs. Influenza A virus detection was performed by real-time registration of the source-drain current through the NRs. The detection of the target viral particles was carried out in buffer solutions at the target particles concentration within the range from 107 to 103 viral particles per milliliter (VP/mL). The lowest detectable concentration of the target viral particles was 6 × 10−16 M (corresponding to 104 VP/mL). The use of solutions containing ~109 to 1010 VP/mL resulted in saturation of the sensor surface with the target virions. In the saturation mode, detection was impossible.

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The presented results indicate virus-like particles of the coronavirus (CVP) using a nanowire (NW) biosensor based on silicon-on-insulator technology. In the experiment, we used suspensions of CVP and of specific antibodies to the virus. Measurements of the current value of the field-effect transistor before and after the introduction of the CVP on the surface of the nanowire were performed. Results showed antibody + CVP complexes on the phase section with the surface of the nanowire modulate the current of the field-effect transistor; CVP has an electrically positive charge on the phase section “nanowire surface-viral suspension»; antibody + CVP complexes have an electrically negative charge on the phase section “nanowire surface-viral suspension”; the sensitivity of the biosensor is made up of 10−18 M; the time display was 200–300 s.