Introduction: This systematic review aimed to assess the replicability of physical exercise interventions in lung transplantation patients. For replicability we focused on (1) the description of training principles, (2) the description of FITT components and adherence to the interventions, (3) the amount of detailed information given on the physical exercise intervention, and (4) reporting the methodological quality of the included works.Methods: Relevant databases (Medline-Ovid, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychInfo, Cochrane Library) were searched. Author dyads selected and systematically analyzed the included studies independent from each other. A purpose developed checklist was used to assess the details of the exercise interventions and their methodological quality.Results: From the seven included manuscripts, three described resistance training, one endurance, and three combined training approaches. All manuscripts reported specificity and initial values, six manuscripts mention progression and overload. The exercise principle reversibility was reported once and diminishing returns was not reported at all. All studies reported the type of exercise, three studies reported intensity and one study reported time for training. Not any study completely reported frequency or described adherence to the intervention. Lack of detailed reporting was identified as the cause for murky description of the interventions. The highest score for intervention description was 5 of possible 12 items.Conclusions: Replicability of many exercise interventions in LTX is not warranted due too poor descriptions of important items related to training. In particular there were insufficiently detailed reporting of training principles and FITT components in programs developed for LTX. Future interventions that aim to train LTX patients should spent effort in writing reports in which the intervention is detailed to such an extent that full replicability in clinical settings can be guaranteed.

Early mobilization, which includes active / passive motion in bed along with mobilization out of bed, is recommended to prevent the development of intensive care unit acquired-weakness (ICU-AW) for patients with critical illness on the intensive care unit. To date, the impact of passive motion of the lower extremities in sedated and ventilated patients remains unclear. The aim of the study is to systematically review and summarize the currently available randomized controlled trials in English or German language on the impact of passive motion of the lower extremities in sedated and ventilated patients ≥ 18 years in the intensive care unit on musculature, inflammation and immune system and the development of intensive care unit-acquired weakness and to evaluate the replicability of interventions and the methodological quality of included studies. A systematic literature search was performed up to 20th February 2022 in the databases Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and PEDro. The description of the intervention (TIDieR checklist) and the methodological quality (Downs and Black checklist) were assessed. Five studies were included in the qualitative syntheses. On average, the studies were rated with 6.8 out of 12 points according to the TIDieR checklist. For the methodological quality an average of 19.8 out of 27 points on the Downs and Black checklist was reported. The results of included studies indicated that muscle loss may be reduced by passive manual movement, passive cycling and passive motion on a continuous passive motion-unit. In addition, positive effects were reported on the reduction of nitrosative stress and the immune response. The impact on the development of ICU-AW remains unclear. In conclusion, passive movement show a slight tendency for beneficial changes on cellular level in sedated and ventilated patients in the ICU within the first days of admission, which may indicate a reduction of muscle wasting and could prevent the development of ICU-AW. Future randomized controlled trials should use larger samples, use complete intervention description, use a comparable set of outcome measures, use rigorous methodology and examine the effect of passive motion on the development of ICU-AW.

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Implementierung von Frühmobilisation in der Akutversorgung bei Patienten mit Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (SHT) könnte sowohl in Bezug auf die funktionelle Erholung als auch auf die Hospitalisationsdauer von großer Bedeutung sein. Derzeit fehlen hierzu jedoch detaillierte, replizierbare Interventionsbeschreibungen. Ziel Der Beitrag bietet eine Zusammenfassung der aktuellen Literatur zu Therapieinterventionen der Frühmobilisation einschließlich detaillierter Interventionsbeschreibung mit einer Bewertung der berichteten Interventionsparameter und der methodologischen Qualität der randomisierten klinischen Studien (RCT). Methode In 5 Datenbanken (Medline-Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Cochrane Library) erfolgte eine systematische Literatursuche. Unabhängig voneinander bewerteten 2 Autoren die berichteten Interventionsparameter mittels Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checkliste und überprüften die methodologische Qualität der RCT anhand der Downs-and-Black-Checkliste 1. Ergebnisse In den Review wurden 2 RCT eingeschlossen 2 3. Die Überprüfung anhand der TIDieR-Checkliste zeigte, dass diese jeweils 6 bzw. 8 von 12 TIDieR-Items beschrieben. Die Informationssammlung bezog sich auf die verwendeten Materialien (Item 3), die Fachexpertise der Behandler (Item 5), den Zeitpunkt und die Häufigkeit der Frühmobilisation (Item 8), den Zeitpunkt einer eventuellen Anpassung (Item 9), die mögliche Modifikation der Intervention (Item 10), die Art der Überprüfung der Adhärenz (Item 11) und die Adhärenz (Item 12). Beide RCT erhielten 20 bzw. 22 von 28 möglichen Punkten der Down-and-Black-Checkliste 1. Die Items 8 (Beschreibung von Nebenwirkungen), 12 (Repräsentativität der eingeschlossenen Patienten), 14 (Verblindung der eingeschlossenen Patienten) und 25 (statistische Korrektur einer Verzerrung) waren in beiden Studien nicht erwähnt. Schlussfolgerungen Die Replizierbarkeit der Frühmobilisation bei Patienten mit SHT im Akutkrankenhaus ist derzeit nicht gegeben. Um die Qualität der Interventionsbeschreibungen zu verbessern und somit die Replizierbarkeit der Interventionen für Folgestudien und den Transfer in den klinischen Alltag zu gewährleisten, wird eine konsequente Verwendung der TIDieR-Checkliste in klinischen Studien empfohlen.

Rationale: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with increased treatment-related mortality, loss of physical vitality, and impaired quality of life. Future research will investigate the effects of multidisciplinary rehabilitative interventions in alleviating these problems. Nevertheless, published studies in this field show considerable heterogeneity in selected outcomes and the outcome measurement instruments used. The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of the outcomes and outcome measurement instruments used in studies examining the effects of rehabilitative interventions for patients treated with allogeneic HSCT. Methods: We conducted a scoping review that included randomized controlled trials, pilot studies, and feasibility studies published up to 28 February 2022. Results: We included n= 39 studies, in which n = 84 different outcomes were used 227 times and n = 125 different instruments were used for the measurements. Conclusions: Research in the field of rehabilitation for patients with haematological malignancies treated with allogeneic HSCT is hampered by the excess outcomes used, the inconsistent outcome terminology, and the inconsistent use of measurement instruments in terms of setting and timing. Researchers in this field should reach a consensus with regard to the use of a common terminology for the outcomes of interest and a homogeneity when selecting measurement instruments and measurement timing methods.